Liu et al. (2016) assert that calpain-1 and calpain-2 play different and opposing roles in memory and learning. Hence calpain-1 activity is needed for various types of memory and learning, while calpain-2 is associated with limiting the extent of learning. The opposite functions of calpain-1 and calpain-2 are associated with their opposite functions in hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP). It strengthens the relationships between learning/memory and LTP. The authors further argue that a selective calpain-2 inhibitor may provide a potential treatment for various disorders that are related to memory impairment and
