Introduction In this lab, the size of atoms and molecules in solids and liquids were estimated by using the cubical and spherical atomic model. The former model was used in a simple experiment that calculated the displacement in water and in this case, Aluminum and Copper were used. The spherical model was performed by finding the amount of amount of empty space within a sample of Lead shot. The molecular size in liquids and solids was found by calculating the density and molecular size of water molecules. Finally, the molecular size in solids was found by measuring the dimensions, mass, and volume of a dry ice sample. Then, this sample was used to find the molecular size of gases through the sublimation process of dry ice. Through this experiment,
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Each sample was weighed on an electronic balance. The volume of each sample was then measured using a water displacement technique. This was done by placing the Aluminum sample in a 25.0mL graduated cylinder and adding 15.0mL of water from a buret into the cylinder. The exact process was repeated for Copper. The water volume of each was recorded.
Then, 10.0mL of lead shot was placed in a clean 10.0mL graduated cylinder. Water was carefully poured into the cylinder, until the water level reached 10.0mL. The amount of water necessary to fill up the empty space between the lead shot was recorded.
In the second part of the experiment, an empty 50.0mL graduated cylinder was weighed. Then, 20.0mL of distilled water was added and the volume and mass of the cylinder with water was recorded.
In the final experiment, a dry ice pellet was removed from a red cooler using a test tube holder. The length, diameter, and mass of the dry ice pellet was recorded. After this was done, the pellet was placed into a 125 mL glass flask and the opening of a rubber balloon was stretched around the neck of the flask. A piece of paraffin film was wrapped tightly around the neck of the flask to insure that the resulting CO2 gas remained inside the balloon and flask. 35 minutes later, the circumference of the inflated balloon was …show more content…
For Copper, the percent error was 13.88% and 7.92% respectively. The experimental errors prove that the spherical atomic model leads to a more accurate atomic size. Next, we calculated that the molecular size of water molecules in the cubical model was 2.673 x 10-8 cm. The experimental error for this was 5.95%. In the next section, we calculated that the experiment molecular size for CO2 was 3.65 x 10-8 cm. The experiment error was 10.10%. Finally, the percentage of empty space in a gaseous CO2 sample was calculated to be approximately 99.81%.
In large part, the experimental errors in all the subsections of the experiment were not significantly large in number. The largest error came from cubical atomic model size of Copper, which was 13.88%. This error could be from incorrectly reading the volume of the water with the copper sample on the graduated cylinder. The percent of empty space in the gaseous CO2 sample was surprising. At 99.81% empty space, it is interesting to see how little gas was really in the large inflated balloon. It was interesting how much time it took for the ice to achieve this
Each sample was weighed on an electronic balance. The volume of each sample was then measured using a water displacement technique. This was done by placing the Aluminum sample in a 25.0mL graduated cylinder and adding 15.0mL of water from a buret into the cylinder. The exact process was repeated for Copper. The water volume of each was recorded.
Then, 10.0mL of lead shot was placed in a clean 10.0mL graduated cylinder. Water was carefully poured into the cylinder, until the water level reached 10.0mL. The amount of water necessary to fill up the empty space between the lead shot was recorded.
In the second part of the experiment, an empty 50.0mL graduated cylinder was weighed. Then, 20.0mL of distilled water was added and the volume and mass of the cylinder with water was recorded.
In the final experiment, a dry ice pellet was removed from a red cooler using a test tube holder. The length, diameter, and mass of the dry ice pellet was recorded. After this was done, the pellet was placed into a 125 mL glass flask and the opening of a rubber balloon was stretched around the neck of the flask. A piece of paraffin film was wrapped tightly around the neck of the flask to insure that the resulting CO2 gas remained inside the balloon and flask. 35 minutes later, the circumference of the inflated balloon was …show more content…
For Copper, the percent error was 13.88% and 7.92% respectively. The experimental errors prove that the spherical atomic model leads to a more accurate atomic size. Next, we calculated that the molecular size of water molecules in the cubical model was 2.673 x 10-8 cm. The experimental error for this was 5.95%. In the next section, we calculated that the experiment molecular size for CO2 was 3.65 x 10-8 cm. The experiment error was 10.10%. Finally, the percentage of empty space in a gaseous CO2 sample was calculated to be approximately 99.81%.
In large part, the experimental errors in all the subsections of the experiment were not significantly large in number. The largest error came from cubical atomic model size of Copper, which was 13.88%. This error could be from incorrectly reading the volume of the water with the copper sample on the graduated cylinder. The percent of empty space in the gaseous CO2 sample was surprising. At 99.81% empty space, it is interesting to see how little gas was really in the large inflated balloon. It was interesting how much time it took for the ice to achieve this