Caffeine: CNS Stimulant

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Caffeine is the most widely used as a CNS Stimulant (Astrid Nehlig,1992). Natural source of caffeine is found in more than 60 plants species such as coffee (Coffea robusta/arabica), tea (Camellia sinensis), cocoa (Theobroma cacao), guarana (Paullinia cupana), yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis) and kola nut(Cola nitida/acuminata) (Haskell,2013; Smith et al., 2007 ). In the United states it has been estimated that the overall caffeine consumption in adult population is 4mg/kg per day (Hechman,2010). The mechanism of action of caffeine is nonselective inhibition of adenosine receptors and phosphodiesterase which increase the level of dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin and causes CNS stimulation[Haskell,2013; DRUGDEX System Micromedex 2.0.

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