Chapter 2 (Cadmium)
NG Ka Yan
2.1 Introduction
Cadmium(Cd) is toxic which can affect human health at low levels, and it is a carcinogen. Cd cause cancer which is lung, kidney and prostate cancer. Cd leads cancer because of the oxidative stress. Oxidative stress involved the Cd-induced aberrant gene expression, apoptosis and inhibit the DNA damage repair. Besides, Cd trigger the reactive oxygen species (ROS) formations by producing cellular thiol redox imbalance, and that make intracellular oxidative stress and ROS accumulation. ROS cause DNA damage. Acute Cd exposure reduces DNA methylation through the DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) activity's noncompetitive inhibition, while chronic Cd exposure leads DNMT activity be increased and global DNA …show more content…
Cd can be found in different areas, such as soil, water, plants, and food, etc. The environmental pollutant generates accumulated levels in plants and soils, and then Cd goes in the food chain. Besides, the industrial applications and anthropogenic activities increase the Cd cumulation in animal based food and plant based food. For example, Cd can be found in rice, shellfish, vegetable in contaminated area of Thailand, and it can be found that shellfish contain Cd in Vietnam, etc. (3) …show more content…
(1) (2) (3)
2.3 Result
According to “Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Shellfish for the Population in Nha Trang City, Vietnam” (Nguyen et al, 2013), the concentration range of Cd in shellfish is 0.013 – 0.056 mg/kg. About the pollution of heavy metals, the anabiosis of Cd was 97%. In gastropods, cephalopods, crustaceans and bivalves, the concentrations (mg/kg) of Cd in 5 sampled months were 0.033 – 0.072, 0.012 – 0.013, 0.019 – 0.034 and 0.032 – 0.073 in the range, and the mean concentrations (mg/kg) were 0.054, 0.013, 0.026 and 0.056. About the shellfish groups’ dedications to the Cd’s total intake because of the shellfish
NG Ka Yan
2.1 Introduction
Cadmium(Cd) is toxic which can affect human health at low levels, and it is a carcinogen. Cd cause cancer which is lung, kidney and prostate cancer. Cd leads cancer because of the oxidative stress. Oxidative stress involved the Cd-induced aberrant gene expression, apoptosis and inhibit the DNA damage repair. Besides, Cd trigger the reactive oxygen species (ROS) formations by producing cellular thiol redox imbalance, and that make intracellular oxidative stress and ROS accumulation. ROS cause DNA damage. Acute Cd exposure reduces DNA methylation through the DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) activity's noncompetitive inhibition, while chronic Cd exposure leads DNMT activity be increased and global DNA …show more content…
Cd can be found in different areas, such as soil, water, plants, and food, etc. The environmental pollutant generates accumulated levels in plants and soils, and then Cd goes in the food chain. Besides, the industrial applications and anthropogenic activities increase the Cd cumulation in animal based food and plant based food. For example, Cd can be found in rice, shellfish, vegetable in contaminated area of Thailand, and it can be found that shellfish contain Cd in Vietnam, etc. (3) …show more content…
(1) (2) (3)
2.3 Result
According to “Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Shellfish for the Population in Nha Trang City, Vietnam” (Nguyen et al, 2013), the concentration range of Cd in shellfish is 0.013 – 0.056 mg/kg. About the pollution of heavy metals, the anabiosis of Cd was 97%. In gastropods, cephalopods, crustaceans and bivalves, the concentrations (mg/kg) of Cd in 5 sampled months were 0.033 – 0.072, 0.012 – 0.013, 0.019 – 0.034 and 0.032 – 0.073 in the range, and the mean concentrations (mg/kg) were 0.054, 0.013, 0.026 and 0.056. About the shellfish groups’ dedications to the Cd’s total intake because of the shellfish