Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) is one power technology of those attractive new energy storage technologies. It aggregated those vehicles with battery (Hybrid electric vehicles, battery electric vehicles, and plug- in hybrid electric vehicles) into the grid as a distributed resource of energy load, storage and generation device. It is not only adding the ability to deliver power from vehicle to the grid, but also can apply the power flow (Lund & Kempton, 2008). V2G technology provides potential solutions to energy storage and stabilization. It can benefit in peak load shifting, smoothing variable generation from renewable energy, and providing distributed energy storage capacity (Peterson et al., 2010)..
Electric vehicles have two fundamental characteristics: one is they are vehicles and other is they have batteries on board to receive, output and store electricity. Base on the physical and natural characteristics, electric vehicle and the grid can have a performed integration at the distribution voltage level. Electric vehicle which has battery can be plugged into the grid to charge up the battery and get the energy it needs. When the electric vehicle fleet reaches a certain magnitude, it will create a new load demand to the conventional electricity system. …show more content…
They can be used for commuting, long trips, or any travel purposes. The average round-trip commuting distance in the US is about 32 miles, and the average commuting time is about 52 min. Indeed, about 60% of the commuters in the US drive a distance under 50 miles (Sanna, 2005). Thereby, those electric vehicles used for commuting are idle for 22 hours a day on average. It’s obviously that there is only a part of energy consumed by the commute and still some in the battery. Consequently, each electric vehicle becomes a potential source of both storage capacity and energy that the grid can control either as load or
Electric vehicles have two fundamental characteristics: one is they are vehicles and other is they have batteries on board to receive, output and store electricity. Base on the physical and natural characteristics, electric vehicle and the grid can have a performed integration at the distribution voltage level. Electric vehicle which has battery can be plugged into the grid to charge up the battery and get the energy it needs. When the electric vehicle fleet reaches a certain magnitude, it will create a new load demand to the conventional electricity system. …show more content…
They can be used for commuting, long trips, or any travel purposes. The average round-trip commuting distance in the US is about 32 miles, and the average commuting time is about 52 min. Indeed, about 60% of the commuters in the US drive a distance under 50 miles (Sanna, 2005). Thereby, those electric vehicles used for commuting are idle for 22 hours a day on average. It’s obviously that there is only a part of energy consumed by the commute and still some in the battery. Consequently, each electric vehicle becomes a potential source of both storage capacity and energy that the grid can control either as load or