Students who cause others to be angry by saying bad things about them or acting out in an inappropriate manner could be referred to as provocative students (Wong, Chang and Chen, 2013). Students with physical or mental disabilities are considered vulnerable students and victims (Wong, Chang and Chen, 2013). Finally, students who behave in a way that sets them apart from others have a higher risk of being bullied. For example, if a student makes exceptional grades or has a different sexual orientation they may be at increased risk for bullying (Wong, Chang and Chen, 2013). But what causes the students to partake in the act of bullying itself? It is believed that the causes can be narrowed down into two types: emotional and instrumental bullying. Emotional bullying would be caused by the need for an individual to entertain themselves or express their dislike for a certain group of people, while instrumental bullying would be characterized as the need for a bully to gain something such as power or status (Wong, Chang and Chen, 2013). It is hard to stop a student from being bullied once it has begun, or to take the negative attention away from them. Other students may …show more content…
The effects of bullying are immense and range from physical to mental injuries. “Bullying among students not only decreases their academic performance but also causes mental health problems and physical injury” (Jan and Husain, 2015). It is noted that as bullies practice the act more often and get away with it, they become more confident in their wrong doing. “The individuals may become more confident about who they target, where to show aggression and in which way” (Jan and Husain, 2015). The effect of the bullies becoming more confident and effective could cast a shadow of fear among the rest of the students. “The analysis found that a third of students who had been seriously bullied also reported having serious difficulties in concentrating and paying attention in class because of bullying and the fear associated with it” (Jan and Husain, 2015). Due to the effects of bullying on class interaction, it only makes sense that students who were not bullied did much better academically that children who were bullied (Jan and Husain, 2015). These children also had better relationships with their teachers, resulting in better academic achievements (Jan and Husain, 2015). It is also noted by Werf, “this type of environment decreases student motivation and prevents students from participating and asking questions in class because they are scared of the reaction of their peers” (Werf 2014).