Brucellosis Research Paper

The rise of infectious diseases that move between wildlife, livestock, and humans raises growing concerns worldwide. The rapid development of land by man has significantly reduced the habitat available for wildlife. With this development, consequently the risk of spreading infectious disease is more likely. Wildlife and their parasites do not recognize political and jurisdictional boundaries and, as a result, can affect the natural ecosystems of national parks and human health in nearby communities (White, et al., n.d.). Brucellosis is a highly contagious bacterial disease caused by various species of the genus Brucella that infects humans, domestic animals, and wildlife worldwide (Wyoming, n.d.). Brucella abortus is the only species of the Brucella that has been identified in bison (Bison bison). Brucellosis has caused the federal and state governments, as well as, the livestock industry billions of dollars in direct losses …show more content…
Birthing females often consume shed birth tissue within a few hours after calving. Additionally, bison that consume feed or water contaminated by vaginal discharges or fetal membranes may develop brucellosis (Wyoming, n.d.). The disease is transmittable to humans. Although not common, it can cause serve flu symptoms and can last for months, and possibly years (USDA, n.d.). Yellowstone bison have developed a natural immune response to brucellosis and do not typically suffer from the disease (Buffalo Field Campaign, n.d.). It is also believed that bison may have a genetic immunity to brucellosis. Essentially, some, not all, Yellowstone bison are vaccinating themselves from brucellosis, developing an immune response, and clearing the bacteria (Buffalo Field Campaign, n.d.). In cooler, moist conditions, Brucella abortus can survive for more than 100 days in the environment Wyoming,