Introduction
Determination of bone mineral density helps in assessing bone quality. For instance, loss of bone mass which is obtained clinically as the change in BDM (bone mineral density) aids in determining bone fragility (Paschalis, 2009). Though, bone mineral density cannot be used alone to indicate that someone will suffer from bone fracture since there is the difference in BDM between the populations. Some people in a particular community develop bone fracture while others do not. Some studies show that the risk of bone fracture increases with age (Paschalis, 2009; Steines et al., 2009). These studies have indicated that mechanical variables are directly proportional to fracture risk independently or sometimes are not considered for …show more content…
Remodeling of bones occurs in bone surface, and human it takes places on the trabecular, endosteal, Harvasian canal and periosteal surfaces (Paschalis, 2009). Researchers show that the rate of remodeling of cortical bones may be higher than 50% every year in femur mid-shaft for the first two years of life. However, this rate declines to 2 to 5% in every year in old ages. Nonetheless, the remodeling rate in the trabecular bones is continually higher throughout human life, and in some situations, it is 5 to 10 higher than in cortical bones in adults (Paschalis, …show more content…
2009). Bonds of molecules are not stationed in one place, but they move by twisting, vibration, bending and rotation. When these molecules are irradiated IR radiation, they vibrate and absorb at a particular wavelength which is the same as the configuration of the molecules according to specific functional groups (Wen et al. 2009). Furthermore, the analysis of the absorption wavelengths gives information on the molecules interactions with its surrounding moieties (Paschalis, 2009). FTIR (Fourier Transform spectroscopy) spectra offer information on all tissues components (Wen et al. 2009). Human proteins and mineral constituents give intense, structure sensitive to infrared radiation modes (Paschalis, 2009). Figure 1, is an example of Fourier Transform spectrum of bone powder (Paschalis,
Determination of bone mineral density helps in assessing bone quality. For instance, loss of bone mass which is obtained clinically as the change in BDM (bone mineral density) aids in determining bone fragility (Paschalis, 2009). Though, bone mineral density cannot be used alone to indicate that someone will suffer from bone fracture since there is the difference in BDM between the populations. Some people in a particular community develop bone fracture while others do not. Some studies show that the risk of bone fracture increases with age (Paschalis, 2009; Steines et al., 2009). These studies have indicated that mechanical variables are directly proportional to fracture risk independently or sometimes are not considered for …show more content…
Remodeling of bones occurs in bone surface, and human it takes places on the trabecular, endosteal, Harvasian canal and periosteal surfaces (Paschalis, 2009). Researchers show that the rate of remodeling of cortical bones may be higher than 50% every year in femur mid-shaft for the first two years of life. However, this rate declines to 2 to 5% in every year in old ages. Nonetheless, the remodeling rate in the trabecular bones is continually higher throughout human life, and in some situations, it is 5 to 10 higher than in cortical bones in adults (Paschalis, …show more content…
2009). Bonds of molecules are not stationed in one place, but they move by twisting, vibration, bending and rotation. When these molecules are irradiated IR radiation, they vibrate and absorb at a particular wavelength which is the same as the configuration of the molecules according to specific functional groups (Wen et al. 2009). Furthermore, the analysis of the absorption wavelengths gives information on the molecules interactions with its surrounding moieties (Paschalis, 2009). FTIR (Fourier Transform spectroscopy) spectra offer information on all tissues components (Wen et al. 2009). Human proteins and mineral constituents give intense, structure sensitive to infrared radiation modes (Paschalis, 2009). Figure 1, is an example of Fourier Transform spectrum of bone powder (Paschalis,