Bisphenol A Synthesis

Improved Essays
Bisphenol A, is a commercial chemical often used in the making of polycarbonates and epoxy resin. Polycarbonates are often used in the making of plastic food and beverage containers, such. Epoxy resin is often used in the lining of food cans and the tops of bottles. This is dangerous because it poses a threat to human health. Bisphenol A also known as BPA can seep through the plastic container and into the food or beverage itself. Exposure to BPA can have a negative impact on the reproductive system, the immune system, the neural system, behavior, the metabolic system, and it may also be a cancerogen. BPA affects both the male and female reproductive systems. Three studies compared the concentration of BPA in urine and found that the …show more content…
As the pH level moves away from the normal balance of 7.0, it can negatively impact the survival and hatching rate of aquatic life.Both plastic and the fumes admitted when plastics are made, put excessive amounts of carbon dioxide into the ocean. This has caused the PH levels in the ocean to rise from a balanced PH level of 7, and has brought it up to 8.2. The jump in the acidity levels is destroying the great barrier reef, and shellfish beds. A raised PH level also poses a threat to many fish, and also threatens the aquatic ecosystem. Pteropods, a common source of food for other fish, have experienced drops in numbers because of the acidity, which poses a threat to other fish who rely on them as a source of food. The PH Level of the ocean has been known This could drastically affect humans as the average person eats 15.8 pounds of fish per year. Along with the fact the pH levels affect a human diet, a heightened pH level in water, around 10 or 11, can cause irritation of the skin and eyes, these symptoms are also visible when the pH level dips under five. However, a pH level under five has also been known to cause damage to the lining of the organs and skin that is unable to be reversed. These pH levels can also corrode the pipes. Another danger posed by plastics is the effects it has on a terrestrial ecosystem. These threats are caused by the disposal of plastic products; the

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    (Barry 1). In the American documentary film of Midway Island, the film maker took the risk and tested the presence of Bisphenol - A on herself, to her surprise the result was positive (Sun). The harmful effect of these plastic toxins is well documented and raise the alarm for the need of an immediate action (“The Problem with Marine Debris”…

    • 1146 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Chippewa River Lab Report

    • 731 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Incidents of water pollution are arising and becoming more frequent from human actions everyday. One example of this is acid rain. Many scientists believe that the recent drop in aquatic life in our bodies of water around the world is owed acidic rain lowering the pH levels. Acid rain produced by coal burning industries flow into all bodies of water after falling on forests, fields, buildings, and roads. The acid rain eventually raises pH levels of surrounding bodies of water leading to it 's many negative affects on aquatic life.…

    • 731 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Papahānaumokuākea Essay

    • 583 Words
    • 3 Pages

    The Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument management guide has acquired an extensive list regarding some of the possible threats that may pose a potential risk to the park’s conservation efforts. These risks are all or partly the direct result of human interactions with the park, they are as follows: threats to migratory birds, population decline in Hawaiian monk seals or green turtles, effects on various species, fish, marine invertebrates and spinner dolphins, coral damage, release of harmful pollutants, marine debris and the introduction of invasive species, recreational water/beach activities (Papahānaumokuākea Management Plan Environmental Assessment, 2008). Collectively the human threats were categorized into biological (negative interactions amongst, mechanical (physical damages or abrasion to species) and thermal (inadequate temperatures). Certainly these adverse threats would initially cause short-term…

    • 583 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Cole Camp Creek Case Study

    • 1607 Words
    • 6 Pages

    What is in your stream is very important to know. What runs through your streams will eventually run into creeks and then those creeks will run into the lake. In our case we will be testing Cole Camp Creek which runs into the Lake of the Ozarks. So, whatever pollutants that could be in the creek will eventually end up in Lake of the Ozarks. This paper will be telling what those stream pollutants can do to water systems.…

    • 1607 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Beginning Question: How effectively and efficiently can biphenyl be synthesized by a Suzuki coupling reaction? Claims: Biphenyl synthesized by a Suzuki coupling reaction was effectively isolated and then characterized using TLC, melting point, IR and 1H NMR tests. However, this process was not efficient because it had a poor pure yield of 22%. Evidence: The goal of the experiment was to synthesize biphenyl product by a Microwave-assisted Suzuki reaction and this was carried out using 1 equivalent bromobenzene, 1 equivalent phenylboronic acid, 1.3 x 10-2 equivalent Pd(OAc)2, 3.0 equivalents Na2CO3, and 0.25 equivalent TBAB (Figure 1).…

    • 1140 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The acid pH levels greatly affect the whole ecosystem. It is hard for fish to adapt to the change in pH. Some fish exposed to acidic pH levels have had their reproduction system altered. pH is an indicator of water quality. The current allowable range for acidity is between 6.5 and 8.5 in pH in the Chesapeake Bay. Maryland is trying to improve storm water systems and have more vegetation areas to help filter out nutrients before getting into the Bay.…

    • 1342 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    Ocean Acidification Effect

    • 1820 Words
    • 8 Pages

    Ocean Acidification-Effect on Squid Ocean acidification is a direct result of rising atmospheric carbon dioxide CO2 concentration due different type of human activities, such as burning fossil fuels and deforestation (Halpern). The world’s ocean surfaces have gradually become more acidic due to absorption of excess anthropological carbon emissions throughout history. Since the Industrial Revolution during 19th century, the carbon dioxide level has been dramatically increasing. In addition, the CO2 concentration level has reached a constant of 280 ppm during Pre-Industrial and will reach 700ppm by the year of 2060 under the projections (Cooley). Figure 1 shows that as the carbon dioxide levels increase in ocean, the pH level decrease.…

    • 1820 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Hello everyone. The chemical that i’ve chosen to research is called “phthalate”, and the question I’m asking is whether it should be banned? The chemical formula for the most popular form of phthalate is C8H4O4. There is also a substance called “Phthalic acid”, from which phthalates originate, which is used to synthesize into phthalate.…

    • 724 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The mass loss of an organism can affect the ocean’s ecosystem. The small organism that died off due too acidic water, can affect the ocean’s food chain. A larger organism, such as a fish or sea lion, would lose the food it needed to eat to survive. Along the line, the die off could also affect humans. Less fish could affect people whose livelihood is fishing due to the fact that the fish have died off because they aren’t able to obtain the necessary nourishment, or because they’re sensitive to the change in acidity.…

    • 781 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Bpa Essay

    • 431 Words
    • 2 Pages

    6. Are there certain concentrations that cause harm? What are they? Concentrations for adult rats.…

    • 431 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Texas Drought Analysis

    • 695 Words
    • 3 Pages

    The lower the pH, the higher the acidity. Oceans have acidified by 30% from pre-industrial levels, and scientists expect that number will increase to 100% by the end of the century. As acidity increases, animals like scallops and oysters have a hard getting the calcium carbonate they need to build their shells. Their shells become thinner, growth slows down, and death rates rise. Reefs are extremely sensitive to both warming and acidification.…

    • 695 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Chemical contamination refers to the contamination of the environment with chemical substances, there are many chemical contaminants, and some of them are volatile found in our environment. Benzene is one of them, it evaporates rapidly, it smells sweet, flammable, colorless liquid, it presents in gasoline, crude oil, and cigarette smoke. Benzene is one of the chemical contaminant which used in manufacturing many products like plastics, synthetic fibers and resin. Also, it is used to solve waxes, oils, resins, and rubber.…

    • 672 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    An unknown fact to most people is that our oceans are one of our main sources of oxygen, and also one of our main absorbers of carbon dioxide. However, due to the increase in carbon dioxide in our atmosphere, the ocean absorption rates have also gone up, leading to our oceans becoming more acidic. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, our oceans absorb a quarter of the carbon dioxide that we release into the air, which is equivalent to about 2 billion tons per year (PMEL, “Ocean Acidification”). With all this absorption, the typical ocean pH has risen to 8.1, an increase of about 30% over the last 200 years.…

    • 1324 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    It is crucial that society begins to take action and take care of the ocean because it makes up 71% of the Earth. For example, acidification, or the reduction in the Ph levels of the ocean as a result of carbon dioxide is affecting the ocean and the marine life alike. Pollution, such as the discharge of fossil fuels from cars, and overfishing are also significant causes of ocean acidification. The carbon dioxide that the ocean absorbs also heats the water, which creates higher sea levels, the melting of polar ice caps and other extreme weather such as intense rainfall and on the opposite side of the spectrum, droughts. Acidification is also harmful to organisms that use calcium carbonate to make shells for protection.…

    • 1223 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Plastic is a convenient, strong and universally important product utilized throughout the world. However, despite plastic’s convenience and prevalence, which consumers appreciate, it is a devastating reality that the convenience of use of plastic in so many household goods comes at a very high price for our earth and the beings that live on it. With increasing amounts of plastic polluting the oceans and dangerous chemicals being emitted from plastic products, plastic is a hazard to many animals, humans and the environment. Plastic is a useful product that may be virtually impossible to eliminate completely from our daily lives.…

    • 1215 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays