In his article, Gross challenges Rainwaters idea of the conflicting cultural codes of the narratives, which leads the reader to be “alienated” from the Erdrich novel. He states, that not all the readers experience difficulties with Erdrich works, and Rainwater’s term “between worlds” has undeservedly extreme connotation. Erdrich novels are perfectly comprehensible for any Native Indian reader in general, and for his tribe in particular. Moreover, he sees not fictional, but “realistic portrayal of the Anishinaabe apocalypse and statement of hope for the future survival of our people.”(64). The Anishinaabe scholar Gross modifies the Rainwater’s thesis of the “fictional” ideas of the narrative by explaining them as a “trickery ”. And this trickery
