General procedure: One equivalent of spacer was coupled using 2.4 equivalents of inhibitor, 0.18 equivalents of copper sulfate, 0.36 equivalents of (+)-sodium-L-ascorbate, in a mixture of 10% H2O in DMF, 24 mL/mmol spacer. The mixture was placed in the microwave for 30 minutes at 80oC Pro6 Spacer (10) (30 mg, 0.036 mmol) and 18 (36 mg, 0.087 mmol) were dissolved in 778 µL DMF. Copper sulfate (1.62 mg, 0.006 mmol) and sodium-L- ascorbate (2.57 mg, 0.013 mmol) were dissolved in 86 µL H2O. The two solutions were combined in a microwave tube and put in the microwave for 30 minutes at 80oC. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure.…
The purpose of this lab experiment is to extract chromatin from an animal liver and strawberries. Unlike humans whom are diploid organisms with two sets of each chromosome, one from the mother and the other from the father, strawberries like most fruits are polyploidy, consisting of more than two copies of the same gene. Strawberries are octoploid that have eight copies of each gene, making it an ideal fruit for DNA extraction. Frozen strawberries are ideal because the ice in the intracellular fluid causes the cell to lyse and expand, destroying the cell and nucleus membrane of the cell. Strawberries are soft and easy to crush using a mortar and pestle.…
Purpose and Background Cells divide in two ways, mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis is used to produce cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell for growth, asexual reproduction, or repair after injury. Cells that are produced by mitosis are diploid, meaning that they have two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent. Meiosis is used to produce haploid cells that have only one set of chromosomes, a mix of chromosomes from both parents. Meiosis produces cells that are genetically unique from their parent cells.…
Interactive Question 7.2 Cite some experimental evidence that indicates that membrane proteins drift. A good form of experimental evidence is Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching, aka FRAP. In the FRAP process, membrane proteins are labelled with a green fluorescent protein, and part of the plasma membrane is “bleached” with a laser, causing them to lose their fluorescence. The part that was bleached will eventually become fluorescent again, as molecules drift in by diffusion.…
The effect of the BsrG1 restriction enzyme on Wild Type and Mutation 1 of E. coli DNA Introduction: What a lac operon is involved in the lactose metabolism of E. coli and it can only work when there is no glucose present to interfere with the lactose metabolism. (Khan Academy) E. coli chooses prefers glucose and other "better" sugars, so if any are present other than lactose the lac operon will not be expressed in the plasmid. (Khan Academy) A plasmid is an "independent, circular, self-replication DNA molecule" that contrasts with the more complex helical shaped DNA of Eukaryotes.…
Title Occurrence of microRNA expressions using two macronutrient deficiencies presented to Arabidopsis Thaliana Introduction Arabidopsis Thaliana was the model chosen for this experiment. It was used for miRNA expression because its entire genome is already sequenced (Weems 362-369). It is also easy to grow in difficult conditions and has a short lifespan.…
RESULTS: An experiment was conducted to document the patterns of evolution in the fictional species, Cannus stannous. Fitness of the C. stannous population is determined solely by its ability to retain heat. Three genes determined heat retention; can size, skin type, and water level. Each gene had three alleles, producing 27 possible phenotypic combinations (Table 1).…
R.C. 5.9 Mathematics (Mobile Infant) Activity: “Stack Them Up” Materials: Stacking blocks, nesting cups, measuring cups Infants are continually growing in all areas of development. In this activity, the goal is to get the infant to stack their blocks or cups. The teacher would have the child sit on the floor or at a table with their toys.…
In the experiment I conducted we were trying to figure out in what types of solution would the gummy bears expand the most. The hypothesis I came up with is if the gummy bear is in different liquids then it will get bigger in size. Two trials were tested because the first time we did all the gummy bears dissolved and we were lead to believe the we left them in the liquids too long. They made the liquids almost feel like jell-o texture and we don't know if they expanded before they or not because they were completely dissolved when we checked back on them.…
Red Dye 1 Red dye 1 is most likely a polar covalent molecule since we have found that it dissolves into water but does not break apart into ions. Just because it dissolves in water does not make it solely polar covalent, but since it has a relatively low conductivity, 534 mS/cm in the 0-20000 range, then it most likely is polar covalent. This is further confirmed with the fact that it does not react with NaOH, NaCl, or AgNO3, all ionic substances. The red dye does not react with NaOH since there was no color change when added, and the conductivity simple rose as the NaOH was added, due to the fact the excess ions were being added to the solution and not reaction at all.…
The focus of this lab was to identify an unknown organism based on its characteristics and the results from each of the tests. There will be various of test to choose from in order to identify the unknown organism, which will eliminate numerous possibilities and narrow it down to one. All the fundamental skills that we have learned and practiced in the lab will be used to perform on our unknown such as aseptic technique, microscopic examination, the use of differential media, and determining if it’s positive or negative. Performing aseptic techniques is the most crucial step that requires the utilizing of transferring, inoculating, and storing bacterial cultures and media. Aseptic technique is defined as procedures that prevent contamination…
Introduction: Leaf Disk float in water alone. When a solution consisting of a small amount of sodium bicarbonate is added to the water it causes the leaf disk to sink. As photosynthesis continues in the leaf disk it releases oxygen and causes the leaf disk to rise. While cellular respiration is occurring also the rate that the disk raise is an in implicit measurement of the net rate of photosynthesis. The independent variable in this lab is the solution and the light because it can be controlled.…
To determine the unknown’s morphology is the first step in narrowing down possible organisms. A MacConkey and Mannitol Salt Agar tests were conducted on the organism and revealed the following. No growth on the MacConkey plate resulting in a gram positive bacteria and the Mannitol Salt Agar result showed it could be Staphylococcus or Micrococcus. (1) A gram stain test was used in determining the shape, size and arrangement of the unknown bacteria (1). The unknown organism is heat fixed onto the slide, in order for the organism to be stained.…
Burt’s Bees is another SBU in the Clorox portfolio. Burt’s Bees is a personal cosmetic company offering products such as lip balm, lotions, makeup, facial wipes, and more. The purpose of the Burt’s Bees SBU is to increase company 's sustainability. Before being acquired by Clorox, when the company was founded by Burt Shavits, it was more of a farmers market operation. To this day Clorox tries to stay true to those roots by offering a product that uses organic ingredients, recycled and recyclable packaging, green energy, and have extremely low emissions.…
III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION III.1 A. dorsata and T. itama bee bread composition Laboratory analysis of A. dorsata bee bread showed that percentage of protein reached 13.82% (wet weight) and 19.96% (dry weight), lipid 7.80% (dry weight), fiber showed a value of 3.38% (dry weight) and 44.52% (wet weight). All of components in A. dorsata bee bread are placed in the range given by Compos et al., (2008) (Table 1).…