At that time, two unified kingdoms existed: the kingdom of England and the kingdom of Scotland. They developed side by side. Besides the desire in the north to expand its territorial limits, the realm from the South also had the ambition to govern Scotland. As Malcolm III was helped by the English to conquer the throne of Scotland, they saw the opportunity to realise their wishes of governance. Nonetheless, once he was King, Malcolm turned his back on them and became an opponent. He invaded Northumbria several times. He lost against William the conqueror, who seized the English throne by conquest, and had to accept his overlordship. The following Kings, among which is David I, governed under the suzerainty of England, and the feudal system
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The new leader was Robert Bruce. When Edward I died, his son, Edward II, did not wish to continue his father’s duty. He drew back his troops to England. Robert took advantage of the situation and conquered back some of the Scottish fortifications. In 1314 Stirling castle was delivered from the English Army. It was the most decisive victory in the history of Scotland. The battle received the name of “Battle of Bannockburn” due to the stream that was surrounding the castle and named Bannock (burn meaning “stream” in gaelic). This battle is still nowadays the symbol of the Scottish pride and …show more content…
The country went through decades of plague. It was called the Black Death.
4. The reign of Marie Stuart
After years of unsuccessful kings in Scotland, the dynasty of the Stuarts became the ruling family. Marie Stuart is the most famous. In addition to being a catholic Queen of a protestant country, she had a bad relationship with her cousin, Elizabeth I, who happened to be Queen of England. In 1565, Marie was accused of murdering her husband. She was first captured. Then her cousin locked in a castle for about 30 years. A letter was intercepted in which Marie Stuart gave her consent for the murder of Elizabeth I. As a result, Elisabeth had no other choice but to execute her. 5. The Union of Crown
Elizabeth I died in 1603 without leaving an heir. By a distant family connection, the nearest relative they could find happened to be James VI of Scotland, Marie Stuart’s son and King of Scotland. He became James I of England and the first to govern the two kingdoms. He moved to London. He tried to unify the countries in term of politics but he faced challenges from Scotland. He wanted the northern land to adjust to the English church and Parliament, which obviously Scots
The new leader was Robert Bruce. When Edward I died, his son, Edward II, did not wish to continue his father’s duty. He drew back his troops to England. Robert took advantage of the situation and conquered back some of the Scottish fortifications. In 1314 Stirling castle was delivered from the English Army. It was the most decisive victory in the history of Scotland. The battle received the name of “Battle of Bannockburn” due to the stream that was surrounding the castle and named Bannock (burn meaning “stream” in gaelic). This battle is still nowadays the symbol of the Scottish pride and …show more content…
The country went through decades of plague. It was called the Black Death.
4. The reign of Marie Stuart
After years of unsuccessful kings in Scotland, the dynasty of the Stuarts became the ruling family. Marie Stuart is the most famous. In addition to being a catholic Queen of a protestant country, she had a bad relationship with her cousin, Elizabeth I, who happened to be Queen of England. In 1565, Marie was accused of murdering her husband. She was first captured. Then her cousin locked in a castle for about 30 years. A letter was intercepted in which Marie Stuart gave her consent for the murder of Elizabeth I. As a result, Elisabeth had no other choice but to execute her. 5. The Union of Crown
Elizabeth I died in 1603 without leaving an heir. By a distant family connection, the nearest relative they could find happened to be James VI of Scotland, Marie Stuart’s son and King of Scotland. He became James I of England and the first to govern the two kingdoms. He moved to London. He tried to unify the countries in term of politics but he faced challenges from Scotland. He wanted the northern land to adjust to the English church and Parliament, which obviously Scots