Bacteria Involving Living Organisms

Involving the use of living organisms like bacteria in industrial processes due to their natural metabolic capabilities are known as biotechnology. They are used a several ways such as manufacturing of foods, cosmetic products and production of antibiotics, probiotics, drugs, vaccines, insecticides, and enzymes. In addition, they are also being widely used in the genetic engineering.
Nowadays, bacteria are commonly used in the food industry for the manufacture of dairy products such as cheese, milk and yogurt and also in the fermentation of alcohol. Additionally, they are also being used in making supplements in health food industry. Other than food production, bacteria are also involved in the processing of teas, coffee and cocoa. The common species of bacteria involved are the lactic acid bacteria such as Lactobacillus, Lactococcus and Streptococcus. …show more content…
When Lactococcus is added to the pasteurization milk, lactic acid will curdle the milk. Then it will be separated to form curds, which are used to produce cheese.
According to Todar (2008), the basic steps for making cheese are acidification, coagulation, dehydration, and salting. The acidic flavor of unripen cheese are produced by lactic acid which is the byproduct of ATP production. It is important in the coagulation of milk casein too. Coagulation is the combination of rennet; an enzyme and lactic acid. While ripening, the bacteria will produce volatile flavor compounds (e.g. diacetyl, aldehydes), by releasing proteolytic and lipolytic enzymes. The bacteria will also produce natural antibiotic substances that suppress growth of pathogens and other spoilage