Smiling is universal and contagious (Stevenson, 2012). It only takes seven seconds to judge a person (Pitts, 2013), but because the action of smiling resides in the cingulate cortex of the brain, if someone smiles the automatic response is to smile back unless the reflex is resisted (Stevenson, 2012). What if the immediate response is to frown because of the disgusting state of the smile? Teeth are an important part of a smile but if they are yellow and dirty, a person's life will be associated with uncleanliness. Because life is hard, drinks like coffee, tea, and wine are ingested to relieve the pressure but they are harmful to the teeth. Which substance causes the most stain to the teeth in a set period of 5, 10, and 15 days? The purpose
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Drinks such as coffee, tea, and wine are not only some of the most pigmented drinks ingested but are also some of the most common (Tooth Discoloration, 2016). 54% of Americans over 18 drinks at least one cup of coffee everyday not including the extra cups ingested if one is overly stressed or has had a late night and early morning (Coffee by the Numbers, 2016). On average, 27.9 ounces (3.5 cups) are ingested every day (Coffee by the Numbers, 2016). Approximately 2 billion Americans drink tea every morning (Tea Drinking Statistics, 2014). Also, on average, Americans drink 74 alcoholic drinks per week (Engber, 2014). The rate of ingestion of these substances cause havoc on teeth. Although it is easy to point the finger of blame at these drinks, it is actually the substances inside of these drinks and many others that cause staining. Chromogens, tannins, and acids are the causes for teeth staining (Fields & Friedman, 2016). Chromogens are compounds with strong pigments that cling to the enamel. Tannins are plant-based compounds that make it easier for stains to stick to the tooth itself. Acids make tooth enamel softer so the stains can set in easier. Because dentin is responsible for tooth color (Tooth Enamel Erosion and Restoration, 2016), if drinks with strong pigments are able to set, the tooth will be changed to unsavory
Drinks such as coffee, tea, and wine are not only some of the most pigmented drinks ingested but are also some of the most common (Tooth Discoloration, 2016). 54% of Americans over 18 drinks at least one cup of coffee everyday not including the extra cups ingested if one is overly stressed or has had a late night and early morning (Coffee by the Numbers, 2016). On average, 27.9 ounces (3.5 cups) are ingested every day (Coffee by the Numbers, 2016). Approximately 2 billion Americans drink tea every morning (Tea Drinking Statistics, 2014). Also, on average, Americans drink 74 alcoholic drinks per week (Engber, 2014). The rate of ingestion of these substances cause havoc on teeth. Although it is easy to point the finger of blame at these drinks, it is actually the substances inside of these drinks and many others that cause staining. Chromogens, tannins, and acids are the causes for teeth staining (Fields & Friedman, 2016). Chromogens are compounds with strong pigments that cling to the enamel. Tannins are plant-based compounds that make it easier for stains to stick to the tooth itself. Acids make tooth enamel softer so the stains can set in easier. Because dentin is responsible for tooth color (Tooth Enamel Erosion and Restoration, 2016), if drinks with strong pigments are able to set, the tooth will be changed to unsavory