“Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander cultures have adapted dramatically to accommodate all that has been introduced into Australia since 1788” as stated by Reconciliation Australia (http://www.shareourpride.org.au/). If people are educated on the journey that the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples have encountered throughout their lives, an understanding of the importance of culture and identity to the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people would establish. Stereotypical behaviour often occurs from lack of education or knowledge of a culture, and has the ability to change by educating people on the facts, and importance to accept and respect others, and “treat everyone as an individual” (Reconciliation Australia,…
He draws on the findings of the Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody (RCIADIC) which investigated “the role of the police, police actions and procedures” (p.119) in cases of deaths in custody. While investigating the death of Boney, the Royal Commission found an underlying social issue that caused tension between Aboriginal and non-Aborigines. The Royal Commission documented that “during the ‘Bicentenary Celebrations’ the police had misinterpreted innocent actions of a group of Aborigines as an act of terrorism”(p.98), this gave rise to a state of paranoia and fear among white Australian society. Based on these findings, Morris illustrates a postcolonial society with an increased “need for police powers of intervention, regulation and control of public order offences” (p.74). This was powered through the reintroduction of the Summary Offences Act 1970 (NSW) which invested “police with greater discretionary powers of arrest over public order offences” (p.75).…
Assimilating the Natives in the U.S. and Australia The reading Assimilating the Natives in the U.S. and Australia written by Gary Foley in June 2000 interrogates, from an indigenous perspective, the suggestion that Assimilation means different things to Australian and United States governments. In Order to do so Foley examines colonial origins, notions of race and white supremacist mythology. Foley looks at how each of these perceptions resulted in the treatment of indigenous people and draws conclusions on whether there is a difference in the intent of assimilation as well as exploits some possible long term implications in today’s society. ‘Origins of American and Australian colonies have a common European heritage of imperialism and racial…
More recent inquiries have indicated racism against Indigenous people is especially problematic in Canadian police…
The evolutionary perspective is best used to describe the family bonds the children have for their mother, and the sociocultural perspective is best used to describe the motivations behind the social and cultural factors behind the Aborigines Act of 1905. To further develop the interaction between the white Australians and the Aborigines I offer three concepts: social dominance orientation, institutional discrimination, and social…
The policies of Assimilation and Protectionism had detrimental impacts upon the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (ATSI) communities throughout Australia prior to 1965. While Protectionism aimed to be a ‘smooth pillow to die on’, the policy of Assimilation culturally mixed the races. Assimilation was a policy implemented by the Australian Government which integrated ATSI into the Australian Society, this policy aimed to make Aboriginals ‘similar’ to white Australians and culturally mixed. As a result, this policy would extend the language, culture, beliefs, clothing and manner of living of the ATSI race but would genetically ‘die out’ through natural elimination. The most tragic aspect of the policy of Assimilation was legalised kidnapping which contributed to the ‘Stolen Generation’, this event makes clear that the ATSI faced a loss of identity, beliefs/spiritual, connection, bonds/ties, culture, taken from family such as biological parents, and a disconnection to the Indigenous heritage and traditional knowledge.…
Police use of force has been a particularly prevalent topic of debate in Victoria for decades, most seemingly so throughout the mid 80’s and late 90’s. But with new and improved equipment as well as old known issues, the long held debate has again begun to rear its head in Victoria. Whether it be a police shooting fatality, or a perceived use of excessive force, the police face heavy scrutiny when excessive force is used. Regardless of the arguments regarding the level of force and accountability allowed by legislators, the most constant of arguments surrounds the need for force itself. And whilst the media in particular only make known the negatives of the use of force by police, people tend to forget about the reasons for its need in the…
Lecture 1: Respect, Dignity and Culture This lecture, on Aboriginal cultural safety, was an informative emersion into the Aboriginal way of life. It helped me, personally, begin to develop, an understanding of Aboriginal’s culture and traditions. However, in my limited life experience, interactions with Aboriginals, have been through negative observations. From news bulletins on television, write ups in the community newspaper, to crossing the street and avoiding a swearing, intoxicated Indigenous male. It is a real contrast, to the respectful Aboriginal introduction Gningla Taylor presented, when Aboriginals encounter another person.…
Aboriginal people lived their traditional way of life, within their natural environment, being rich artistic and sustenance based around gathering and hunting. Broome (2010) described the Aboriginal people as the residents that appreciated a loving extended family, the simplicity of bush tucker and the comfort of singing and prayer times, Aboriginal culture interpreted the spiritual connection they had with the land (Broome 1982). Aboriginal people wanted to be equal and live in peace as most of us do; they wanted to stay in their own lands, their homes that they have been in for years “Aboriginals wanted equality with white citizens in economic, social and legal spheres (Goodall, 1982 p 6). However the Aboriginal Protection Board did the exact opposite, it used its powers to control the Aboriginal people, separated them from their families leaving behind their freedom “Amendments to the Protection Act greatly extended state power over Aboriginals, particularly to restrict Aboriginal domicile” (Goodall, 1982 p 5). The Boards reflected poorly on the Aboriginal lifestyle and environment as Broome (2010) highlights the low status that reflected on their housing, clothing, fod, electricity and water.…
Aboriginals are watched more intensely by police than others and as a result are more likely to be convicted of…
As Anthony (2013) has noted, the common law requires the judges to consider all alternative factors before sentencing. The judicial discretion would therefore be varied according to the situation and offender. In relation to indigenous people however, Anthony (2013) further indicates that indigenous factors are considered only “when the offender is a member of an Indigenous community and his/her offence or punishment reflects that membership” (p. 455). It implies the notion that indigenous people are not guaranteed special of lenient treatments based on who they are, but whether the offenses involved the indigenous communities. As the knowledge to why indigenous people are frequently engaged in the Criminal Justice System increases, the Australian government attempts to recognize indigeneity in the sentencing process.…
To inspect and scrutinise this settler construct of stereotypes, the aspects of society such as history and education, government and policies, and the media itself will be considered and explored. Stereotypes, as settler constructs of Indigenous Australians, have twisted and distorted how settlers view Aboriginal peoples, and these fashioned perspectives are prevalent throughout Australian history. One of the overarching stereotypes regarding aboriginal peoples is that they are ‘lesser’ than the white man, as seen in this scientific report by a Cambridge university professor, “…evidence points to their lowly status, because of the frequent occurrence of characters very rare to the white races of mankind, but at the same time normal in the ape tribes.” (Duckworth).…
Indigenous over-representation in the criminal justice system has been the focus of numerous reports, discussions and research projects since the Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody in 1991 (Wahlquist, 2016). Revealing unacceptably high Indigenous imprisonment rates, the data is grim, indicating that even though comprising less than 3% of the population, Indigenous people represent almost 33% of the prison population, and over 50% of all young people in detention (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2015). Research into Indigenous Health has revealed that Indigenous Australians are 13 times more likely than non-Indigenous people to be incarcerated (Australian Medical Association, 2015). Imprisonment rates increased by 46% for Indigenous…
Police discretion can involve prejudice against indigenous communities because they are continuously under surveillance by law enforcement agencies, which leads to overrepresentation of Aboriginals in the justice system (La Prairie, 2002, pp. 189-191). However, over-policing can also be influenced by presence of actual crime in these indigenous neighbourhoods because Aboriginals experience poverty to a greater extent that causes them to commit criminal activities including theft, burglary or joining gangs (Fitzgerald & Carrington, 2008, pp.…
However due to deep seeded discrimination no marginalization the issues surrounding Aboriginal women and violence aren 't addressed to the extent where these differences between the gap of Aboriginal women and non-aboriginal women regarding violence is closed. Social constructural flaws have regulated and cemented the systemic Ideas around aboriginals; racial and gender discrimination…