Hydrogen ions, which can also be called protons, move across the thylakoid membrane through mobile carriers and transmembrane proteins in order to create ATP and NADH, which are formed in photosynthesis. Due to hydrolysis and the flow of electrons in the thylakoid membrane, protons are gathered in the thylakoid space, known as lumen. The movement of the electrons in the thylakoid membrane discharges energy that allows the protons to move from the stroma into the lumen through the process of active transport. This method of the creation of ATP and NADH is known as non-cyclic photophosphorylation. Protons will diffuse from a high proton concentration gradient to lower proton concentration gradient through the ATP Synthase. Electron transport
