Atoms And Neutrons

Biology and chemistry go hand in hand, for instance all organisms are made of matter, and matter is considered as anything that has mass and takes up space. All matter is composed of elements, which are substances that cannot be broken down by chemical reactions. When two or more elements are put together, a compound is formed. A common compound that can be found in most American households is sodium chloride, known as table salt. Compounds have emergent properties, which are physical and chemical properties that are different from the elements that they are composed of. Some elements are required for organisms to live out a healthy life and achieve biological fitness, these elements are referred to as essential elements. Different organisms …show more content…
Atoms are the basic units of matter that still have the properties of the element they belong to. Atoms are made up of subatomic particles, the three focused on in our chapter are protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons are positively charged, and electrons are negatively charged. Neutrons have no charge and are referred to as neutral. The protons and neutrons of an atom can be found tightly compacted in the atom's atomic nucleus located in the middle of the atom. Around the atomic nucleus, the electrons makeup a negatively charged cloud. Protons and neutrons are similar in mass, and due to their small size they are measured in a unit referred to as a dalton. All atoms, subatomic particles, and molecules are all measured in daltons. Atoms of different elements do not have the same amount of subatomic particles, so each element has an atomic number to show how many protons are contained in the elements atoms. How many neutrons are in an element's atom can be identified by the mass number, which is the total of protons and neutrons added together. To find out the specific total of neutrons, take the atomic number and subtract it from the mass number. The amount of protons and electrons should be the same in the atom. Sometimes an element's atoms can have more neutrons than atoms of the same element, when this occurs and isotope is …show more content…
The ability of water to be such a versatile solvent is due to the polarity of water molecules. Some substances are attracted to water, any substance that is can be considered as hydrophilic, in turn suvsanced that are repelled by water are hydrophobic. To measure a solute concentration in a solution, molarity is used. Moles are a specific amount of molecules of a substance. Molarity is the quantity of moles of solute in a liter of solution. The molecular mass in daltons should always be the same as the mass of a mole of substance measured in