In 1950, Alan Turing published his groundbreaking work “Computing Machinery and Intelligence,” which said that all digital computers, regardless of how they are put together, are equivalent in their computing abilities (442). This breakthrough in computer science has since fostered immense intellectual growth in artificial intelligence. For more than half a century, scientists have been working toward creating machines that are intelligent in the same way human beings are intelligent.
Scholars from many disciplines have contributed to the task of making intelligent machines, on the groundwork laid by Turing in 1950. Because of Turing’s principle of equivalency among all digital computers, researchers have taken it to mean that if it is indeed possible to recreate intelligence digitally, it can be done with any kind of digital computer, provided it has enough storage capacity, processing ability, etc. All one really needs is a complex enough program to run on the machine.
On the whole, they have failed to take into account the structure of the thing they are trying to mimic: the human brain. Intelligence in human beings arises biologically from a very different kind of computer than the ones scientists …show more content…
In practice, however, this is unfeasible due to the immense amount of memory and processing power required. To solve this problem, we need a model-based approach that is grounded on our knowledge of the human brain. Our brains construct models of the world around us by constantly updating memories of past experience with new input from the senses. We use these models to make predictions about our world, rather than doing millions of calculations to function, as digital computers do. This notion explains our extremely high efficiency in doing tasks that would be virtually impossible for any standard computer (e.g. facial recognition, remembering songs or melodies, language acquisition,
Scholars from many disciplines have contributed to the task of making intelligent machines, on the groundwork laid by Turing in 1950. Because of Turing’s principle of equivalency among all digital computers, researchers have taken it to mean that if it is indeed possible to recreate intelligence digitally, it can be done with any kind of digital computer, provided it has enough storage capacity, processing ability, etc. All one really needs is a complex enough program to run on the machine.
On the whole, they have failed to take into account the structure of the thing they are trying to mimic: the human brain. Intelligence in human beings arises biologically from a very different kind of computer than the ones scientists …show more content…
In practice, however, this is unfeasible due to the immense amount of memory and processing power required. To solve this problem, we need a model-based approach that is grounded on our knowledge of the human brain. Our brains construct models of the world around us by constantly updating memories of past experience with new input from the senses. We use these models to make predictions about our world, rather than doing millions of calculations to function, as digital computers do. This notion explains our extremely high efficiency in doing tasks that would be virtually impossible for any standard computer (e.g. facial recognition, remembering songs or melodies, language acquisition,