We focused on arsenic exposure health risk analysis through oral ingestion and dermal absorption pathways of groundwater in the present study. The local residents in the study area were interviewed for basic information such as age, sex, body weight, health status, socio-economic status, food habits and drinking water sources. It was mentioned that the residents were using mainly groundwater for drinking and other purposes. The poverty, lack of awareness and having no effective alternatives were the main reason for using groundwater for drinking and domestic purposes in the study area people. Hence, for assessment of As an exposure health risk, the groundwater was utilized for drinking purpose was also considered in the study.
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The results of the CR value are presented in Table 3. It should be noted (Table 3) that minimum CR values of arsenic for oral through ingestion pathways belong to lower risk, while mean and maximum CR values of arsenic belong to the high risk level. In case of children, the potential CR values of groundwater ranged from 0.0002 to 0.015 with a mean value of 0.007 ± 0.004 for oral; 0.0001 to 0.0002 with the mean values of 0.0001 ± 6.55E-05 for dermal absorption. The groundwater CR values for adults for As varied from 0.0001 to 0.007, with a mean of 0.003 ± 0.002; for oral, 1.31E-06 to 3.46E-05; for dermal, with a means of 3.46E-05 ± 2.22E-05. The results indicated that a low level (>10-6 and 10-5 and 10-4 and <10-3) of carcinogenic risk was detected in twelve sampling points in both cases of children and adults. In the study area of the CR values were higher than those reported by previous study of Joseph et al. (2015) and Muhammad et al. (2010), for drinking water in Bangladesh and Pakistan respectively, but similar to the earlier study by Pokkamthanam et al. (2011) who were assessed the risk of ingestion of arsenic-contained water in
The results of the CR value are presented in Table 3. It should be noted (Table 3) that minimum CR values of arsenic for oral through ingestion pathways belong to lower risk, while mean and maximum CR values of arsenic belong to the high risk level. In case of children, the potential CR values of groundwater ranged from 0.0002 to 0.015 with a mean value of 0.007 ± 0.004 for oral; 0.0001 to 0.0002 with the mean values of 0.0001 ± 6.55E-05 for dermal absorption. The groundwater CR values for adults for As varied from 0.0001 to 0.007, with a mean of 0.003 ± 0.002; for oral, 1.31E-06 to 3.46E-05; for dermal, with a means of 3.46E-05 ± 2.22E-05. The results indicated that a low level (>10-6 and 10-5 and 10-4 and <10-3) of carcinogenic risk was detected in twelve sampling points in both cases of children and adults. In the study area of the CR values were higher than those reported by previous study of Joseph et al. (2015) and Muhammad et al. (2010), for drinking water in Bangladesh and Pakistan respectively, but similar to the earlier study by Pokkamthanam et al. (2011) who were assessed the risk of ingestion of arsenic-contained water in