Arguments for and against animal experimentation
Animals have been used time and again at some stage in the records of biomedical studies. Early Greek physician-scientists, inclusive of Aristotle, (384-322 BC) and Erasistratus, (304-258 BC), accomplished experiments on dwelling animals (Franco, 2013). Likewise, Galen (129-199/217), a Greek physician who practiced in Rome and became a giant within the history of medication, performed animal experiments to increase the expertise of anatomy, body structure, pathology, and pharmacology (Franco, 2013). Indeed, animal experimentation has become a major aid to scientific research and development. According to European Commission (2013), in 2011, more than 60% of animals were used in basic biological …show more content…
Every year, thousands of rabbits or different animals are forced to test with irritants, poisonous and mutagenic reactions. For example, the well-known "Draize eye irritancy test", rabbits are the animals of desire for this test due to the fact they have no tears and the test substance does no longer wash away (People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals [PETA], 2018). Test substances consist of detergents, hair sprays, and nail varnishes. Many rabbits are struggling with pain, redness, swelling, discharge, ulceration, hemorrhaging, cloudiness, or even blindness. Without treatment, all rabbits could be killed after the test (PETA, 2018). Kistler (2000) insists that “one animal dies every three seconds in U.S. laboratories” (para 5). This research paper is to discuss the arguments for and against animal experimentation.
Although the cost of animal experimentation is expensive, the result is not satisfactory occasionally. There are many faulty in animal experimentation. Firstly, animals are very distinctive from humans and consequently make negative test subjects. According to …show more content…
Additionally, animal testing is inhumane and cruel which has violated animals’ rights. Furthermore, there are now some existing latest alternative testing techniques which can replace the role of animals in laboratories and bring even more reliably and precise results. Nevertheless, animals have contributed major advance in the discovery of many life-saving cures and treatments and thus animals are playing an important role in animal experimentation. Moreover, animals are the most appropriate testing subjects due to they are biologically similar to humans. Last but not least, humans are not the only one who benefit from the results of animal testing but also animal themselves. However, animal experimentation should be eliminated or improved because it violates animals’ rights. To improve it, The Principles of the 3Rs has been developed. The definition of the 3Rs is Replacement, Reduction and Refinement. Replace the use of animals, reduce the number of animals use in experiments, and refine animals’ welfare (National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement & Reduction of Animals in Research [NC3Rs], n.d.). Torture and execute thousands of animals per year to carry out laboratory
Animals have been used time and again at some stage in the records of biomedical studies. Early Greek physician-scientists, inclusive of Aristotle, (384-322 BC) and Erasistratus, (304-258 BC), accomplished experiments on dwelling animals (Franco, 2013). Likewise, Galen (129-199/217), a Greek physician who practiced in Rome and became a giant within the history of medication, performed animal experiments to increase the expertise of anatomy, body structure, pathology, and pharmacology (Franco, 2013). Indeed, animal experimentation has become a major aid to scientific research and development. According to European Commission (2013), in 2011, more than 60% of animals were used in basic biological …show more content…
Every year, thousands of rabbits or different animals are forced to test with irritants, poisonous and mutagenic reactions. For example, the well-known "Draize eye irritancy test", rabbits are the animals of desire for this test due to the fact they have no tears and the test substance does no longer wash away (People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals [PETA], 2018). Test substances consist of detergents, hair sprays, and nail varnishes. Many rabbits are struggling with pain, redness, swelling, discharge, ulceration, hemorrhaging, cloudiness, or even blindness. Without treatment, all rabbits could be killed after the test (PETA, 2018). Kistler (2000) insists that “one animal dies every three seconds in U.S. laboratories” (para 5). This research paper is to discuss the arguments for and against animal experimentation.
Although the cost of animal experimentation is expensive, the result is not satisfactory occasionally. There are many faulty in animal experimentation. Firstly, animals are very distinctive from humans and consequently make negative test subjects. According to …show more content…
Additionally, animal testing is inhumane and cruel which has violated animals’ rights. Furthermore, there are now some existing latest alternative testing techniques which can replace the role of animals in laboratories and bring even more reliably and precise results. Nevertheless, animals have contributed major advance in the discovery of many life-saving cures and treatments and thus animals are playing an important role in animal experimentation. Moreover, animals are the most appropriate testing subjects due to they are biologically similar to humans. Last but not least, humans are not the only one who benefit from the results of animal testing but also animal themselves. However, animal experimentation should be eliminated or improved because it violates animals’ rights. To improve it, The Principles of the 3Rs has been developed. The definition of the 3Rs is Replacement, Reduction and Refinement. Replace the use of animals, reduce the number of animals use in experiments, and refine animals’ welfare (National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement & Reduction of Animals in Research [NC3Rs], n.d.). Torture and execute thousands of animals per year to carry out laboratory