However, it was the economic boycott the that became by far the most effective means of altering the new British economic policies. In response to the Townshend Acts of 1767, the colonists started a major boycott in Boston (this set of acts led to the Boston Massacre in March 1770) and New York, which subsequently spread to other parts in the colonies leading Parliament in 1770 to repeal all of the Townshend duties except one, the Tea Act. With these actions taken by Parliament, most colonists overturned the idea of a revolution, which excludes Massachusetts. Despite the repeal of many Acts, Parliament did not give up on the idea of mercantilism, which indicates that the Thirteen Colonies have the obligation to support the mother country in accumulating wealth. Accordingly, on the same day it repealed the Stamp Act (March 18, 1766), Parliament passed the Declaratory Act stating the British government had the full power and authority to make laws governing the colonies in all cases whatsoever including taxation. Therefore, underlying philosophical differences remained and fundamental ideals related to governance arose to the surface. For instance, the Declaration of Independence stated that "all men are created equal" and they are gifted by God with a set of inalienable and natural rights: "Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness." However, taxation without …show more content…
Bernard Bailyn is a historian who stated in his book The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution that, "The colonists believed they saw a clear pattern in the events that followed 1763." In other words, the colonists believed that they saw evidence of tyranny and the dark future these malignant signs [the Stamp Act and the Coercive Acts] portended. Equally important, the Founders stated that when the government becomes “destructive” and does not safeguard, protect, and secure the unalienable rights of its citizens, the people have the right and the responsibility to "alter and abolish it." Therefore, when the British government was viewed as a dictatorial system, rather than a liberal one, the colonists decided to unite and declare their independence because they felt that the British rule was attempting to take away their natural rights, especially liberty. On the other hand, Howard Zinn claims in A People’s History of the United States, that declaring independence will benefit most people of all social classes, especially the upper-class because they will avoid the possible class struggle conflict and “economic burdens.” According to the article, "Why did the colonists fight when they were safe, prosperous, and free?" for the most part, the colonists were asked to adhere to regulations concerning foreign trade. The Navigation Acts required