Chapter One Study Guide
1. How has psychology’s focus changed over the years?
Answer: It began as “science of mental life” then led to “the scientific study of observable behavior.” After that their focus changed to the growth potential of healthy people. Soon after the cognitive revolution helped psychology find its way back to its early interest which was the study of mental processes. Now psychology is defined as the science of behavior and mental processes.
2. Define behaviorism.
Answer: study (1) objective science (2) behavior excluding reference to mental processes. Most psychologists agree with 1.
3. Define humanistic psychology.
Answer: growth potential of healthy humans.
4. Define cognitive neuroscience.
Answer: study of …show more content…
It provides a more thorough view than any one perspective could offer.
9. How does our everyday mind lead us to the incorrect conclusion?
Answer: Hindsight bias and overconfidence.
10. Name three key elements of the scientific attitude. How do these elements support scientific inquiry?
Answer: curiosity, skepticism, and humility.
11. How do psychological theories actually guide scientific research?
Answer: Theories create predictions that can be tested by experiments.
12. How do psychologists use case studies, life-like observations, and surveys to examine and define behavior? Why is random sampling crucial?
Answer: case studies review someone in detail hoping to prove things true to everyone, naturalistic observation studies investigate day to day behavior and don’t try to fix the situation, while surveys study tons of people but not as detailed. It is so crucial because it is the best basis for generalizing.
13. How do experiments bring light upon cause-effect relationships?
Answer: They make a controlled, less complicated idea of reality.
14. How do simple lab circumstances help us have a better understanding of general principles of
1. How has psychology’s focus changed over the years?
Answer: It began as “science of mental life” then led to “the scientific study of observable behavior.” After that their focus changed to the growth potential of healthy people. Soon after the cognitive revolution helped psychology find its way back to its early interest which was the study of mental processes. Now psychology is defined as the science of behavior and mental processes.
2. Define behaviorism.
Answer: study (1) objective science (2) behavior excluding reference to mental processes. Most psychologists agree with 1.
3. Define humanistic psychology.
Answer: growth potential of healthy humans.
4. Define cognitive neuroscience.
Answer: study of …show more content…
It provides a more thorough view than any one perspective could offer.
9. How does our everyday mind lead us to the incorrect conclusion?
Answer: Hindsight bias and overconfidence.
10. Name three key elements of the scientific attitude. How do these elements support scientific inquiry?
Answer: curiosity, skepticism, and humility.
11. How do psychological theories actually guide scientific research?
Answer: Theories create predictions that can be tested by experiments.
12. How do psychologists use case studies, life-like observations, and surveys to examine and define behavior? Why is random sampling crucial?
Answer: case studies review someone in detail hoping to prove things true to everyone, naturalistic observation studies investigate day to day behavior and don’t try to fix the situation, while surveys study tons of people but not as detailed. It is so crucial because it is the best basis for generalizing.
13. How do experiments bring light upon cause-effect relationships?
Answer: They make a controlled, less complicated idea of reality.
14. How do simple lab circumstances help us have a better understanding of general principles of