Antimicrobial Resistant STI Pathogens

Improved Essays
Regan Hansen – A006569939
Biology 3300 - 503

Library Unknown – Neisseria Gonorrhoeae

The characteristics that I had to look for was a gram negative coccus, often in flattened pairs, non-motile, aerobic, acid from glucose but not maltose, nitrites not reduced, and isolated from a sick human. I found out that there seems to be a very small amount of gram negative coccus bacteria. The biggest factor that helped me in determining my unknown was seeing that the acid came from glucose and not maltose. Actually treating gonococci has become more difficult because they are exhibiting a decrease susceptibility and resistance to many antibiotics used to treat them. It has been seen that “it may be influencing both the emergence and transmission of antimicrobial resistant STI pathogens.” (1) One of the biggest factors of why this disease has not been able to be treated is due to its impressive ability to have antimicrobial resistance (AMR). This continues to make things harder for researchers because they might think they have found a treatment just to have it be counteracted a bit later over time. There is a lot of research now going into multi-genome studies that are “focusing on the sub-populations that are impacting the AMR and the evolution in which the species itself is continuing to survive.”(2) I feel like an important aspect that could better help identifying
…show more content…
Lewis, David A., Lukehart, Sheila A. (2011) Antimicrobial resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Treponema palidum: evolution, therapeutic challenges and the need to strengthen global surveillance. Sex Trans Infect;87:39-43

2. Ezewudo et al. (2015), Population sturctures of Neisseria gonorrhoeae based on whole genome data and its relationship with antibiotic resistance. PeerJ 3:e806: DOI 10.717/peerj.806

3. Bergey, D. H., Buchanan, R. E., Gibbons, N. E., & American Society for Microbiology. (1974). Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology. Baltimore: Williams &

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    A Gram stain was then performed to confirm that bacteria #12 was indeed gram-negative and also showed that it was rod shaped. Following the provided flowchart, the oxidase test was then performed in order to test for the enzyme cytochrome oxidase; unknown bacteria #12 tested negative. Finally, the bacterium was grown on an EMB plate, which resulted in no color change; this indicated again that the bacteria did not ferment lactose. After these tests were completed, the results were compared to the provided identification flowchart.…

    • 1060 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Gram Negative Unknown Lab Report #20 BIOL 3444-008 Giang Nguyen TA: Malini Kotak 11/05/2014 Abstract The experiment is conducted in order to identify a randomly given unknown gram-negative microorganism. By comparative analysis of biochemical tests that were performed throughout the semester to find out its characteristics and determine the identification of bacterium out of four potential unknown was given. To figure out the characteristics, T-streak was performed to isolate the sample from broth to a Tryptic Soy Agar plate, along with an additional slant in case something wrong with the original plate that can possibly affect the result.…

    • 1514 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    According to research by Bode Science Center this bacteria is a rod shaped but comes in many different types of bacilli and may trigger local infections such as peritonitis, meningitis, appendicitis, and a bloodstream infection (Rauhut, n.d.). This bacteria is Catalase, oxidase, decarboxylase positive. It does not ferment any sugars nor sulfur. It is motile but also can be no motile. This bacteria is a strict aerobic bacteria that was isolated from fecal matter and then later discovered it is also found in stale beer.…

    • 1481 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Discussion The various test that were completed had supporting evidence that deduced the identity of the unknown microorganism. A gram stain was performed on the bacterium and a purple color was seen under the microscope. The purple hue that was acquired by the unknown microorganism indicated that the organism had a thick peptidoglycan layer meaning that the bacterium was gram positive. Looking under the microscope helped to identify the cellular arrangement of the bacterium which was sphere shaped, in clusters and thus narrowing the unknown microorganism to the Coccus species.…

    • 1419 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Essay On Nitrate Test

    • 1176 Words
    • 5 Pages

    After the gram stain procedure the unknown bacteria appeared purple and roughly spherical, when seen through the microscope. Thus, this concluded that the unknown bacterium was gram positive and its cell morphology was cocci. After this, a series of test were conducted in order to identify the unknown. The…

    • 1176 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Unknown Microorganism

    • 1283 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Purpose: To identify an unknown microorganism by performing a series of biochemical tests on a pure bacterial culture. Materials and Methods: Carbohydrate Utilization: Materials: - Phenol red lactose Broth - Phenol Red Sucrose Broth - Unknown organism # 40 - Inoculating tool Procedure: Phenol red lactose and Phenol Sucrose were cultures used to identify fermentation of carbohydrates for the unknown organism #40. Phenol red is a ph. indicator as the inverted Durham tube indicates gas production. The unknown organism was inoculated into each phenol red broth with either sucrose or lactose.…

    • 1283 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    A sample of the gram-positive cocci colony was taken out which then was transferred into a Urea broth to test for Urease. This was incubated at 37 degrees Celsius for 48 hours. The ending result was no color change, which was a negative reaction in the Urea broth. The results eliminated Staphylococcus epidermidis from being the bacteria in the specimen. This only left two candidates that were either Staphylococcus aureus or Enterococcus…

    • 1057 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Gram Staining Lab

    • 801 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Information about the Bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa During microbiology lab, an unknown bacteria culture in liquid broth was assigned to be identified by conducting a series of various tests. Nearly twenty different tests were conducted on the bacteria, but the most important of these was Gram staining test, gelatin stab test, and oxidase test. The results of these three tests allowed for the determination of the bacteria genus and species.…

    • 801 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Funding is essential to this so it is important that funding is increased and maintained in the area to support work into finding solutions to antibiotic resistance. From 2010-2014 the spending by the National Institute of Health on antibiotic resistance was $1.7 billion compared to $26.5 billion spent on cancer research (13). This disproportionate allocation of funding demonstrates that, whereas cancer is very important, antibiotic resistance is receiving far too little attention. This imbalance suggests that because the effects of this problem are more subtle they draw less attention. This shows that there is not appropriate focus on antibiotic resistance which is a very important issue that will only worsen without more…

    • 723 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    Unknown Bacteria Essay

    • 1069 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Introduction Identifying unknown bacterium is not only vital to microbiology, but also to the medical and pharmaceutical industries in order to treat disease/infection properly. Bacteria are classified and identified to distinguish among strains and to group them by criteria of interest (1). There are several different procedures that can be utilized to identify a bacterium. This includes the oxidation test, gram stain, and catalase test. The purpose of this lab report is to show the understanding of all procedures used to identify the bacterium, and explain how the given results led to the identification of the unknown bacterium.…

    • 1069 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The properties of selective and differential media suggest that differences between the bacterial species could be used in this lab to identify these six species but their effectiveness is unknown. The efficacy of identifying a completely unidentified bacterium in a cost-sensitive manner using these test also has yet to be determined. We hypothesized that applying a combination of selective and differential media with biochemical tests would provide a presumptive identification of the first group of six unknown bacteria. We also hypothesized the identification an unknown member of the Enterobacteriaceae family referred to as unknown #53 could be definitively identified using the API 20E and other tests. To test the first hypothesis, samples of four of the six unknown bacteria were streaked onto plates of Mannitol Salt agar, MacConkey agar, and Eosin Methylene Blue agar to examine their growth on the media.…

    • 1018 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Gonorrhea Research Paper

    • 1489 Words
    • 6 Pages

    “Mommy, I don’t feel well!” Instantaneously after hearing her child’s complaints of feeling ill, the concerned mother rushes her child to the nearest pediatrician in order for her child to receive the finest antibiotics. This magical medicine results in the sick patient miraculously feeling better in a relatively short amount of time. As a whole, society views antibiotics as life-saving measures, which they most certainly can be, as antibiotics effectively treat diseases that previously killed patients. However, too high of a value has been placed on this magical form of healing.…

    • 1489 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    BIOLOGY ASSIGMNENT- PART A SCIENTIFIC ARTICLE Statement: Antibiotic resistance and overuse of vaccines has contributed to the increased incidence of emerging diseases and resistance and their controls and treatments. Infectious diseases are caused by pathogens or organisms such as viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites.…

    • 908 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Antibiotic resistance has been on the rise in recent years, and currently more than 23,000 people die from antibiotic resistant infections every year in the United States.1 Resistant bacteria make infections harder to treat and cost an estimated $20 billion in direct healthcare costs in the US.1 Antibiotic resistance is a natural product of evolution; however, humans have helped to accelerate the process over the last century. Over prescription and use of broad-spectrum antibiotics in both developing and developed nations, poor patient follow through, and preventative use in livestock have all contributed to the issue. Without new treatments, the results of such accelerated resistance could be as profound as the inability to treat common…

    • 955 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Gram Staining Lab Report

    • 1611 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Introduction In this lab report I use two different techniques to identify Unknown A and Unknown B bacteria’s. These techniques are gram staining and metabolic testing. I first used Gram staining to distinguished and identify the bacteria’s. Han Christian discovered gram staining in 1882, he had biopsy a patient lung that had pneumonia.…

    • 1611 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays