Hypothesis: The hypothesis being tested was that changes in anti-predatory behavior in captivity could explain the higher invasiveness of wild-caught exotic birds compared to captive-bred exotic birds. Summary: Invasive species are costly to ecosystems and biodiversity, as well as costly economically to remove or control. Identifying exotic species that have a high potential to become invasive is a preventative measure to control such events. One such identifying tool is anti-predatory behavior, as individuals whose behavior facilitates escape from predators are more likely to survive in a novel environment and reproduce. Researchers tested the hypothesis that wild-caught and captive-bred birds differ in their anti-predatory behavior, and
