Extraversion And Hourly Wages Essay

Improved Essays
ANOVA
Here, I will present three ANOVA results: hourly wages by extraversion, extraversion by occupation, and hourly wages by occupation. The first analysis shows the bivariate relationship of the collapsed extraversion and hourly wages. The purposes of the second and the third analyses are to investigate the role of occupations in the relationship of extraversion and hourly wages. Table 2 shows the ANOVA result of hourly wages by extraversion. I collapse extraversion into five groups. The result shows there are significant differences between the five groups on hourly wages. The general pattern indicates there is a positive line between the two and the mean logged hourly wages of group 1 (extraversion lower than 2) is significantly lower than other groups. Also, the highest extraversion groups has the mean hourly wages significantly differ from the mean wages of group 3. Figure 2 also shows the pattern.
Table 3 presents the relationship between extraversion and occupations. The result shows that management, business, and financial/computer, engineering, and science/ education, legal, community service, arts, media, and military/ healthcare practitioners and technical are significantly more extravert than services. The similar pattern can be seen in Table 4, which shows the relationship between occupation and
…show more content…
Table 5 shows the results of the analysis. In Model one, the bivariate relationship between extraversion and hourly wages indicates a positive effect of extraversion. One point increases in extraversion would lead to 28.4% increase in hourly wages (e0.25=1.284). For those who have a zero on extraversion, they can earn 2.832 (e1.041=2.832) dollar per hour. The bivariate result supports my hypothesis 1 before controlling other variables. That is, extraversion has a positive effect on wages. However, the bivariate model only explains .5% of the variation in hourly

Related Documents

  • Decent Essays

    Surname 3 Chapter summary Name Institution Date Chapter summary An individual position in the economy is highly competitive despite their official jobs. The economy is changing as time goes by. However, the competition rate has provided the reason as to why incomes are divergent. Back then, all nearly, the entire population Salary imbalance is ascending in the United States, and the hole between the wealthiest 1 percent of Americans contrasted with the lion's share of wageworkers is presently at uncommon statures.…

    • 570 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Q5/ What department is usually responsible for a direct labor rate variance? What department is usually responsible for a direct labor efficiency variance? Explain. Direct labor rate variance shows the difference in hourly wages from standard to direct labor workers. While it is important for workers to know the rate of hourly wages, it is more important for managers to investigate the rate variances because it can help predict the reason for unfavorable rate variance in most cases and explain the favorable variances in some cases.…

    • 596 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Minimum Wage Benefits

    • 2034 Words
    • 9 Pages

    Also consider the other factors within a labor market: the means-tested in-work benefits, income tax, and national insurance (Freeman 1996).…

    • 2034 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Luke nethery DUAL CREDIT Minimum wage Minimum wage has been a debate in this country cents labor has been established. The current minimum wage is $7.25 an hour. Some Americans think that that is too low and cannot support a large family. Which is very true just think about how should a family buy all there necessities with such little money.…

    • 685 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Minimum Wage Essay

    • 1339 Words
    • 5 Pages

    The federal minimum wage for a worker with health insurance coverage the employer, the hourly rate is $7.25. For a worker without medical coverage, the rate is $8.25 an hour. The minimum wage is automatically replaced with the Federal minimum wage rate if it is higher than the State minimum wage rate. Congress proposal their most ambitious for a wage increase, the $15 wage bill. It would be more than double the current federal minimum wage of $7.25 per hour.…

    • 1339 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Superior Essays

    There is a lot of controversy over personality testing as well. The most common criticism touches validity and reliability of this method. Annie Murphy Paul in her book “The Cult of Personality” questioning validation and reliability of personality testing. She says: “often invalid, unreliable, and unfair”. She describes personality test as an industrial astrology and critics this form of assessment as “slippery, often underground, hard to monitor and measure “In her opinion very often tests are conducted by people without qualifications and it is leading to misinterpretation of tests results.…

    • 1202 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Essay On Minimum Wage

    • 837 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Education plays a vital role in everyone’s life especially if one wishes to be successful then education is the told path towards successful future. The cost of education along with the cost of living is skyrocketing today. With the latest technologies at our disposal it is becoming hard to find a job as less and less people are required for labor nowadays and it will only get worse for most Americans. For most Americans it is becoming difficult day by day to survive on the minimum wage job and to support their families is unimaginable. The minimum wage in America should be increased because the earnings of minimum wage workers are crucial to their wellbeing and the cost of living has considerably increased.…

    • 837 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Reducing worker’s hours, due to an increase in minimum wage, affect employees who work lower end jobs. If the unemployment rate increases, the possibility of getting a job can be slim because of everyone else looking to get hired. If there are not enough jobs, people with a higher education will be attracted to lower end jobs and will surpass those who typically work the lower end jobs (Reisman). If two applicants apply for the same lower end job, one with a higher education than the other, the one with the higher education is more likely to get the job because of his/her level of education. Even if the job does not require a certain level of education, it looks better and gives the applicant an advantage to getting hired.…

    • 1177 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Annotated Bibliography It is a fact that in the past a gap has existed in the financial earning abilities of both men and women. This disparity has been perpetuated through time as a symptom of the cultures that occupied their times. This discrimination of genders has and will be for some time to come, a hurdle to overcome. This hurdle can be tied to other issues such as race, religion, an individual’s appearance. The list can prove to be infinite.…

    • 1022 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    Diversity

    • 1788 Words
    • 8 Pages

    Loyalty and organizational commitment also has issues when dealing with the same personalities. Extraverts are likely to be committed to the goals of the organization, but may decide to change jobs if a good opportunity arises, whereas the introverts are more likely to be loyal to the organization. Generational diversity can bring about issues because of the differences between generations. Research from a healthcare organization showed the differences between generations and it should be noted that this might not apply to whole populations of a specific generation. The veteran generation (pre 1945) is diminishing as they are the oldest generation.…

    • 1788 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Superior Essays

    The workforce varies in gender composition based on occupation. This is due to the fact that there are a variety of factors that can drive an individual to select a certain occupation. In male and female dominated occupations the salaries differ which relates to the concept of occupational segregation based on gender. This all becomes evident when looking at a male dominated profession, such as mechanical engineering with only 8.8% women, a female dominated profession, such as preschool teachers and kindergarten teachers with 97.2% women and a gender neutral occupation, such as postsecondary teachers with 50.2% women.…

    • 963 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Essay On Equal Pay

    • 1749 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Through out history, women have fought for their rights due to the lack of freedom and equality that they had accommodated with. Women were rejected the right to vote, to go to school, and the right to get a job with equal pay as men. Although throughout time women have protested and gained their right to vote and work, however, inequality still exits when it comes to a man and a woman’s income. Despite of a woman having the same experience and work ethic of a man, they still fail to receive the same payment. According to Equal Pay For Equal Work: Not Even College Helps Women, Korva Coleman states, “The American Association of University Women is releasing a new study that shows when men and women attend the same kind of college, pick the same major and accept the same kind of job, on average, the woman will still earn 82 cents to every dollar that a man earns.”…

    • 1749 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Great Essays

    Career development is the most essential aspect of human development. According to Donald Super, career development is a life-long process that consist of multiple roles and transitions of career behaviors from birth to death. Moreover, career behaviors occur in different stages. For instance, Super identified factors regarding to career behaviors in adolescents and young adults. These factors include planfulness, exploration, information, decision- making, and reality orientation (Herr, 1997).…

    • 1542 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    John Holland Case Study

    • 896 Words
    • 4 Pages

    HOLLAND’S THEORY: According to Gelso and Fretz (as cited in Nauta, 2010) “Helping people make career decisions have been fundamental to counseling psychology since its emergence as a profession, and it continues to be central to its identity today”. John Holland theorized a concept which would be used to help people find their own career interests, make their own career decisions, find how to obtain information about the career and how to structure their career education (Schreuder & Coetzee, 2016). “Holland’s theory was so predictive that there was little room for anything else after it. He speculated correctly about the “taxonomy” (classification domains) of work environments, which effectively enabled him to organize all the existing jobs…

    • 896 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Essay On Minimum Wages

    • 1520 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Introduction All human beings have inherent needs that they ought to fulfill so as to lead comfortable lives. Some of the obvious needs include the basic needs such as food, shelter and clothing. Although these needs are regarded as basic, human beings desire other secondary needs so as to enjoy a meaningful life such as adequate health care, education, as well as some luxuries. It is from the desire to fulfill such needs that humans search for jobs so as to earn wages to cater for their needs. On the other side, employers strive to reduce costs as much as they can, and this typically leads to the payment of very low wages.…

    • 1520 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays