These alternative test methods are, In Vitro, genomic, and computer-modeling they are more reliable, take less time to complete and they are only a fraction of the cost, “A rat uterotropic assay” costs $29,600, while corresponding In Vitro test costs only $7,200 (procon.org).” “Epidemiological studies led to the discoveries of the relationship between smoking and cancer and to the identification of heart disease risk factors. Conversely, tobacco company executives relied on misleading animal-based studies deny the link between smoking, cancer as recently as 1994 (www.peta.org).” In Vitro (in glass testing) allows research and testing to be done for different types of drugs and pharmaceutical products by using human cell and tissue cultures. Animals can be saved from the painful Darize and LD50 test because, “Computer models, such as virtual reconstructions of human molecular structures, can predict the toxicity of substances without invasive experiments on animals (procon.org).” Better than using animal’s, human-patient simulators are used to teach students the physiology and pharmacology because they are able to show them how they breath, bleed, convulse and even die without cutting up an
These alternative test methods are, In Vitro, genomic, and computer-modeling they are more reliable, take less time to complete and they are only a fraction of the cost, “A rat uterotropic assay” costs $29,600, while corresponding In Vitro test costs only $7,200 (procon.org).” “Epidemiological studies led to the discoveries of the relationship between smoking and cancer and to the identification of heart disease risk factors. Conversely, tobacco company executives relied on misleading animal-based studies deny the link between smoking, cancer as recently as 1994 (www.peta.org).” In Vitro (in glass testing) allows research and testing to be done for different types of drugs and pharmaceutical products by using human cell and tissue cultures. Animals can be saved from the painful Darize and LD50 test because, “Computer models, such as virtual reconstructions of human molecular structures, can predict the toxicity of substances without invasive experiments on animals (procon.org).” Better than using animal’s, human-patient simulators are used to teach students the physiology and pharmacology because they are able to show them how they breath, bleed, convulse and even die without cutting up an