Background & Objectives: Arthropods have neurogenic hearts, which have pacemakers as part of the nervous system found outside the heart. Vertebrates and molluscs have myogenic hearts, where the pacemaker is composed of specialized cardiac muscle within the heart. Daphnia is unique as it is a cladoceran crustacean reported to have a myogenic heart. To test this, use drugs known to change heart rate in myogenic hearts and observe if they have the same influence on Daphnia.…
Can Genetic Engineering Save the Florida Orange? For the past decade, Florida’s oranges have been infested and starved by Asian citrus psyllids. They are invasive insects that feed on citrus trees and infests them, causing citrus greening. Due to its incredible ability to kill the infected trees, Florida’s $9 billion orange industry is in danger of being closed down.…
San Rafael, Calif: Morgan and Claypool. The authors of this book had a primary purpose of creating a reference book or a textbook for graduate and senior undergraduate students in biomedical engineering or biotechnology programs. It provides cardiac tissue engineering strategies, research directions, and applications. It also provides a detailed diagram of the heart and cardiac muscle structure. Medical professionals in cardiology can use this source to acquire cardiac tissue engineering approaches and alternatives.…
These effects include significant acute heartbeat lowering and eventual complete heart cessation. In our experiment, we focused on the use of zebrafish embryos as an “in vivo” model system for studying the effects of caffeine on the rate of zebrafish heartbeat. We measured heartbeat rate of embryos under different caffeine concentrations which is 1% and 2% of coffee in the millimolar range (1–25 mM). We found that the heartbeat rate drop immediately in present of caffeine and followed by a period of relative stability, finally resulting in complete cessation of the heart. The characteristic pattern of decrease suggested that a response in the embryos is depends on the heartbeat level following caffeine induced acute drop in heartbeat.…
Characters Bio Tom – 22 Tom is the smart and sensible one out of the group he knows when something isn’t right. Tom has a normal 9 to 5 job doing architecture. He met Fredrick inside a shop to help him with cash. Sometimes he does like to rhyme or rap about his life tom has travelled too many countries.…
Ambris Herman is now testing the Melaonin receptor in the brains of Transgenic Mice, the hormone being put into the mice are 2 proteins (MT1 and MT2). These proteins will keep the functions that keep bodily fluids like blood, nutrients, and oxygen circulating around the body. The humans have more reporters than rats because of the different size between us so Ambris Herman had to be very careful on what she was doing. Ambris Herman noticed a crossbreed or a hybrid from the 2 proteins. There was a red protein that was the control of the start of codon MTNR1 and these red proteins ended up expressing a transgene through the MTNR.…
For example, one of the genes that have been mapped in zebrafish is also associated defective myocardial repolarization in humans, showing that research in animals can also be productive for human disease research(Lawson). Research in zebrafish with LTB4 production has also been related to LTA4H polymorphisms found in humans that are responsible for protection from tuberculosis and leprosy(Tobin). Another experiment has also introduced human cells to mice which made the mice susceptible to Hepatitis B and allowing further testing on this…
It is most commonly confused with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). HCM is a disease of the heart where there's an abnormal wall thickness decreasing the size of the cavity and limiting the amount of blood it can hold and pump. It can occur with or without an obstruction. There are a couple ways of differentiating the two. LV cavity size in athletes is slightly bigger compare to HCM.…
I feel Project 231 will allow me to gain valuable experience and knowledge of the real world. This experience will aid in making my decisions regarding life after high school. My long term career is to become a veterinarian. My externship choice is the Troy Animal Clinic because of my passion for animals. This program is a direct path to my career goal.…
That's enough to fill a 10 x 20-foot pool 10 feet deep, and the heart does this by beating 100,000 times a day, circulating blood throughout the body in a mere 20 seconds from an organ not much larger than a grapefruit. This is why a healthy heart is so important, and why anatomical models are so essential to doctors, cardiac surgeons, medical…
Main Question Post: Week 4: Cardiovascular Disorders Myocardial Ischemia and Acute Coronary Syndrome Cardiovascular disease (CVD) persists as the principle source of death amongst the men and women globally, and has claimed further breathes yearly in the United States (U.S) than “cancer, chronic lung disease, and accidents” collectively (Dunlay, & Roger, 2012). Myocardial ischemia and acute coronary syndrome originate with the coronary artery disease. According to Huether and McCance (2012), coronary artery disease (CAD) can reduce the myocardial bloodstocks until scarcity ruins myocardial metabolism sufficiently enough to instigate ischemia, an indigenous state whereby the cells are provisional denied of blood supply. A persistent ischemia or an absolute blockage of the coronary artery triggers the acute coronary syndrome. This continual obstruction advances into an infarction generally branded as a heart attack; the hallmark of averting a heart attack is contingent on avoiding the inception of coronary artery disease (Huether & McCance, 2012; Dunlay, & Roger, 2012).…
Impact of a humanized rat liver model Having a rat model with a more-human like liver will allow investigators to better understand normal and diseased human liver physiology and biochemistry (82). It will allow us to test and compare the ability to repopulate livers with different cell sources which have had limited success in the mouse (3). Primary human hepatocytes have been shown to efficiently repopulate recipient livers (32), however with limited access to large quantities, researchers must examine whether other types of hepatic stem cells can act as potential donors as well. Having an efficient model that can be used to perform repopulation experiments in short periods of time could in theory lead to new therapies for patients.…
the heart is a complex organ made of muscle and is compromised of four chambers including a right and left atrium and corresponding ventricles. the function of the heart is to pump oxygen rich blood throughout the body while receiving blood and sending it to the lungs to be re oxygenated then repeating the cycle. all of the body's different tissues require this oxygen rich blood to perform their functions. however, there are many problems that can affect the function of the heart. some of these problems are congenital meaning present at birth.…
“Indecency, vulgarity, obscenity --- these are strictly confined to man; he invented them.” –Mark Twain. As explained in “The Lowest Animal,’ man is the lowest animal in society because we are more cautious about things that is happening around us. From my prospection, man are extremely spiteful towards each other, careless about people feelings, and violent towards one another, which makes “man” the lowest animal.…
Viravuth P. Yin began experimenting the MSI-1436 drug on zebrafish - animals with the ability to regenerate almost any body part. After observing that the drug dramatically boosted the animals regenerative capacity, the Ph.D scientist working at the MDI Biological Laboratory began experimenting with mice. After artificially inducing heart attacks in the mice, Yin observed that the drug triggered massive cell proliferation of heart muscle tissue and reduced the damage (scarring and ventricular wall thinning) caused by the heart attacks, helping to improve heart function by a significant degree. Given that mice share some of the genetic backend of regeneration with humans, these results are being interpreted by scientists as promising hints of the drug's potentially revolutionary application against cardiovascular diseases in…