The Bona Fide Collaboration Group Model by Stohl and Walker (2002) define "collaboration" as "the process of creating and sustaining an arranged, but temporary system that spreads organisational boundaries that involves independent stakeholders with a wide variation of capabilities including resources, knowledge and expertise, which is focused on individual goals. mutually responsible and innovative ends.” The BFGCM provides a useful framework for understanding the overall collaboration process, the importance of communication and its constitutive nature in collaboration as well as the relationships among, which affects the factors importance for the success of collaborations (Walker & Stohl, 2004). The characteristics of collaboration are the following, first is that collaborations are highly interdependent, collaborations, have no specified hierarchy, collaborations are characterized by highly embedded relationships. The interorganizational collaborations are temporary and collaborations are widely and loosely applied across all disciplines
…show more content…
The collective part in this theory is how "the groups create a process that consistently sustains a negotiated temporary system which measures organizational boundaries involving independent stakeholders with a variation of capabilities including resources, knowledge and expertise which is directed toward individual goals and mutually beneficial accountable and innovative ends” (Walker & Stohl, 2004). On the other hand, the interactive part is that “the participants who conspire must continually interact through (re)negotiating both the collaborative goals and the guidelines to create a sufficient collaborative interaction” (Eden & Huxham, 2001; Lawton Smith & Dickson, 2003; Wood & Gray, 1991 as cited by Walker & Stohl,
The collective part in this theory is how "the groups create a process that consistently sustains a negotiated temporary system which measures organizational boundaries involving independent stakeholders with a variation of capabilities including resources, knowledge and expertise which is directed toward individual goals and mutually beneficial accountable and innovative ends” (Walker & Stohl, 2004). On the other hand, the interactive part is that “the participants who conspire must continually interact through (re)negotiating both the collaborative goals and the guidelines to create a sufficient collaborative interaction” (Eden & Huxham, 2001; Lawton Smith & Dickson, 2003; Wood & Gray, 1991 as cited by Walker & Stohl,