Purpose and Background Cells divide in two ways, mitosis and meiosis. Mitosis is used to produce cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell for growth, asexual reproduction, or repair after injury. Cells that are produced by mitosis are diploid, meaning that they have two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent. Meiosis is used to produce haploid cells that have only one set of chromosomes, a mix of chromosomes from both parents. Meiosis produces cells that are genetically unique from their parent cells.…
Experiment 11: Peptides and Amino Acids The purpose of this experiment was to study the amino acid composition of artificial sweeteners and then observe simple acid and base catalyzed reactions of the amino acid and artificial sweetener aspartame. This was achieved by performing a TLC analysis using ninhydrin as an indicator to observe the composition of the amino acid as well as two of the components that make up aspartame. This is followed by the addition of an acid or base to aliquots of diet sodas to examine the resulting reactions and compare them to a known hydrolyzed aspartame sample. The most common method of synthesizing amides is through the reaction of a primary or secondary amine with a carboxylic acid derivative.…
Biology 15 Lab # 4 Professor Passerini September 23, 2015 Scot Albert Lab #4 Questions 1a,b,c, 2, 3a,b,c, 4, 5a,b,c, 7, 11c, d, e, 12a,b ---------------------------------------------------------- 1- a-They are found primarily in the thylakoid membranes. b-No. Cyanobacteria do not have distinct nuclei.…
Discussions Bag A stimulates cell whose contents are hypotonic to its environment. The situation is because the concentration of the dissolved substances in the cell is less than the surrounding media. In this case, the cell contents contain 1% sucrose solution that is less concentrated than the 50% surrounding media. Therefore, a large concentration gradient develops between the two media. Consequently, because of the high concentration gradient, the bag loses water faster and this leads to its reduction in volume.…
In the four-week long experiment conducted in the Bio 13 Lab, we were able to conduct a genetic analysis of the yeast S. cerevisiae, particularly investigating the inheritance and linkage of three genes: HIS4, LEU2, and LYS2. In week one, a suspension of spores was received and aliquots of the suspension were plates onto two YPD plates. After a week of yeast growth, haploid spore clones were carefully picked from the plates by sterile toothpicks and used to make patches on a new YPD plate, the master plate. In week three, the master plate was replicated onto three dropout plates: -His, -Leu, and -Lys. In the final week, the growth of the patches on the dropout plates were analyzed and class data was collected in order to conduct calculations for…
R.C. 5.9 Mathematics (Mobile Infant) Activity: “Stack Them Up” Materials: Stacking blocks, nesting cups, measuring cups Infants are continually growing in all areas of development. In this activity, the goal is to get the infant to stack their blocks or cups. The teacher would have the child sit on the floor or at a table with their toys.…
Lingrui Ge Lab report October 18, 2015 Experiment #5 Separation and Qualitative Analysis of Cations CHEM 1315-088 Purpose of the experiment: To identify the substances that are present in a mixture. Materials: Test Solutions and Substances 6 M hydrochloric acid, HCl Sodium bismuthate, NaBiO3 (s) 6 M nitric acid, HNO3 0.1 M potassium thiocyanate, KSCN 6 M ammonia/ammonium hydroxide, NH3 3% hydrogen peroxide, H2O2 6 M sulfuric acid, H2SO4 Sodium bismuthate, NaBiO3 (s) 6 M sodium hydroxide, NaOH Cation Solutions 0.2 M silver nitrate, AgNO3 0.5 M lead (II) nitrate, Pb(NO3)2 0.2 M mercury (I) nitrate, Hg2(NO3)2 0.2 M iron (III) nitrate, Fe(NO3)3 0.2 M copper (II) nitrate, Cu(NO3)2 0.2 M manganese (II) nitrate, Mn(NO3)2 Equipment…
Molecule A was determined to trans-1-tertbutyl-4-propylcyclohexane and had a minimum energy of +101.6267 KJ/mol, making it the lowest minimum value out of the four other compounds. Molecule B was cis-1-tertbutyl-4-propylcyclohexane and it had a minimum energy of +106.7177 KJ/mol, which is the second lowest energy structure out of the four observed. Molecule C was trans-(2S,6R)-1-tertbutyl-2,6-dimethyl-4-propylcyclohexane and it had a minimum energy of +204.5885 KJ/mol, making it the second highest minimum value when compared to the other five structures. Molecule D was cis-(2S, 6S)-1-tertbutyl-2,6-dimethyl-4-propylcyclohexane and it had a minimum energy of +223.0300 KJ/mol, which is the highest minimum energy recorded in this section of the lab. Molecule E was determined to be trans-(3R,5S)-1-tertbutyl-3,50dimethyl-4-propylcyclohexane and it had a minimum energy of +148.1879 KJ/mol.…
Biochemical Unknown I. Introduction Cultural Characteristics or morphology and biochemical tests can be used to identify and classify microorganism. By culturing microorganism in nutrient broth, slants, and on nutrient agar plates, the cultural characteristics or morphology can be determined. In this lab, the test tube 2 was incubated in a nutrient broth. The pigmentation of the tube was yellow. The media for test tube 2 was turbid.…
The experiment began with a reaction of a 1cm3 cube of lamb liver and 5mL of hydrogen peroxide solution being put in test tubes in a beaker filled with 10℃ water until the temperatures of the liver and hydrogen peroxide were 10℃ also. The liver was put into a 100mL measuring cylinder and the hydrogen peroxide was also poured in as the timer was started. After twenty seconds, several millilitres of froth had been produced from the chemical concoction. This froth was recorded into a results table, and the previous steps were repeated but with increasing temperature increments of 10℃ until 50℃. After carefully completing the experiment, the final results obtained by measuring the volume of the froth produced after 20 seconds, were recorded in a table - see Table 1, and able to be observed in a graph, see Figure 7.…
The goal of this experiment was to determine the Michaelis constant (Km) and also the maximal velocity (Vmax) and the inhibition of alkaline phosphate. In order to accomplish these goals, 5 samples were used. Each sample contained different volumes of 0.2 m MPNPP (p-nitrophenylphosphate) and 0.2 M Tris-Hcl at a pH of 8.0. To each sample 0.2 mL of the enzyme studied (Alkaline Phosphatase) were added upon insertion on the spectrophotometer apparatus. With intervals of 20 seconds their absorbance at a wavelength of 410 nm was recorded at time frame of 2 minutes for each solution.…
In the studies of requirement of amino acids the mathematical model utilized define which individuals will be achieved in the population, the mean individual (Broken Line model) or the most demanding individuals (polynomial model) (Pesti et al. 2009). However, meet the most demanding individuals cannot be the method more economical, when compared the mean of the individual broiler population to recommend the IAA (Hauschild et al. 2010). The simulation in this study was considered a normal population and this allows to simulate two or three deviations, thus, this is advantageous because it is possible develop nutritional strategies to achieve the most demanding individuals in each economic scenario and make the decision with statistical…
The results obtained from the experiment and as illustrated above clearly show that an increase in the volume of O2 produced is accompanied by an increase of catalase concentration; though the lower concentrations suffer from slight inconsistencies. This leads to the conclusion that the more enzymes available, the larger and faster the reaction. The data obtained is in agreement with the hypothesis. The hypothesis stated that the rate of reaction and amount of product produced will augment with the increased concentration of the catalase.…
Introduction: The purpose of this experiment was to measure how much the pH changes when an individual adds a certain amount of acid or base to water, biological buffers, and other biological solutions. It is vital to study the changes in pH because a slight change in pH in an organism’s body can disrupt metabolism activities and even cause death. To accomplish the purpose of the experiment, an individual will add certain amounts of acid or base to water, biological buffers, or other biological solutions. pH is a measure to determine the acidity or alkalinity of a solution or substance (pH).…
The molar absorption constants were found to be: 358 for the acid form at wavelength 440 nm, 12 for the acidic form at wavelength 590 nm, 64.0 for the basic form at wavelength 440 nm and 558 for the basic form at wavelength 590 nm. Some of the R2 values are off from the ideal value of 1, while some datum were discarded as it did not make sense. Both parts are not very accurate and precise, due to the large range of readings that the spectrophotometer were showing, and the readings never steadied, therefore could not get a very accurate…