Agriculture
Maya region during the Classic Period was primarily farming and had been since about 900 BC. People in the rural areas lived in sedentary villages, relying heavily on a combination of domestic maize, beans, squash, and amaranth. Other plants domesticated or exploited by Maya farmers included cacao, avocado, and breadnut. Only a handful of domesticated animals were available to the Maya farmers, including dogs, turkeys, and stingless bees.
Tribute paid to the Inca rulers came from farmers of cotton, potatoes, and maize, herders of alpacas and llamas, and craft specialists who made polychrome pottery, brewed beer from maize (called chicha)
Language?
Writing?
The Maya had 800 distinct hieroglyphs, with the first evidence …show more content…
Wars were fought over territory, slaves, to avenge insults, and to establish succession. Weaponry: axes, clubs, maces, throwing spears, shields, and helmets, bladed spears
The kings of the Inca society were called capac. Capacs could have multiple wives, and often did. Inca nobility (called Inka) were mostly hereditary positions, although special persons could be assigned this designation. Curacas were administrative functionaries and bureaucrats.
Government
Each independent Maya city had its own set of institutionalized rulers beginning in the Classic period (AD 250-900).
Documentary evidence for the kings and queens has been found on stele and temple wall inscriptions and a few sarcophagi.
During the Classic period, kings were generally in charge of a particular city and its supporting region. The area controlled by a specific king might be hundreds or even thousands of square kilometers. The ruler's court included palaces, temples and ball courts, and great plazas, open areas where festivals and other public events were held. Kings were hereditary positions, and, at least after they were dead, the kings were sometimes considered …show more content…
Burials: The Inca dead were mummified and placed in open sepulchers so that they could be disinterred for important annual ceremonies and other rituals.
Temples/shrines known as 'huacas' included both built and natural structures
Economy
Salt, jade, salt, and cacao were mainly used for Mayan economics.
Inca Economics
Intoxicants: Caca, chicha (maize beer)
Markets: A widespread trade network facilitated by open markets
Cultivated crops: Cotton, potatoes, maize, quinoa
Domesticated animals: Alpaca, llama, guinea pig
Tribute was paid to Cusco in goods and services; tribute tallies were kept on quipu and an annual census was kept including the number of deaths and births
Lapidary arts: Shell
Metallurgy: Silver, copper, tin and to a lesser extent gold were cold-hammered, forged, and air-annealed
Textiles: Wool (alpaca and llama) and cotton
Agriculture: When necessary in the steep Andean terrain, the Inca built terraces with a gravel base and stepped retaining walls, to drain excess water and allow water flow from the terrace tread to the next terrace
Maya region during the Classic Period was primarily farming and had been since about 900 BC. People in the rural areas lived in sedentary villages, relying heavily on a combination of domestic maize, beans, squash, and amaranth. Other plants domesticated or exploited by Maya farmers included cacao, avocado, and breadnut. Only a handful of domesticated animals were available to the Maya farmers, including dogs, turkeys, and stingless bees.
Tribute paid to the Inca rulers came from farmers of cotton, potatoes, and maize, herders of alpacas and llamas, and craft specialists who made polychrome pottery, brewed beer from maize (called chicha)
Language?
Writing?
The Maya had 800 distinct hieroglyphs, with the first evidence …show more content…
Wars were fought over territory, slaves, to avenge insults, and to establish succession. Weaponry: axes, clubs, maces, throwing spears, shields, and helmets, bladed spears
The kings of the Inca society were called capac. Capacs could have multiple wives, and often did. Inca nobility (called Inka) were mostly hereditary positions, although special persons could be assigned this designation. Curacas were administrative functionaries and bureaucrats.
Government
Each independent Maya city had its own set of institutionalized rulers beginning in the Classic period (AD 250-900).
Documentary evidence for the kings and queens has been found on stele and temple wall inscriptions and a few sarcophagi.
During the Classic period, kings were generally in charge of a particular city and its supporting region. The area controlled by a specific king might be hundreds or even thousands of square kilometers. The ruler's court included palaces, temples and ball courts, and great plazas, open areas where festivals and other public events were held. Kings were hereditary positions, and, at least after they were dead, the kings were sometimes considered …show more content…
Burials: The Inca dead were mummified and placed in open sepulchers so that they could be disinterred for important annual ceremonies and other rituals.
Temples/shrines known as 'huacas' included both built and natural structures
Economy
Salt, jade, salt, and cacao were mainly used for Mayan economics.
Inca Economics
Intoxicants: Caca, chicha (maize beer)
Markets: A widespread trade network facilitated by open markets
Cultivated crops: Cotton, potatoes, maize, quinoa
Domesticated animals: Alpaca, llama, guinea pig
Tribute was paid to Cusco in goods and services; tribute tallies were kept on quipu and an annual census was kept including the number of deaths and births
Lapidary arts: Shell
Metallurgy: Silver, copper, tin and to a lesser extent gold were cold-hammered, forged, and air-annealed
Textiles: Wool (alpaca and llama) and cotton
Agriculture: When necessary in the steep Andean terrain, the Inca built terraces with a gravel base and stepped retaining walls, to drain excess water and allow water flow from the terrace tread to the next terrace