(3) Discussion of Enhancement of Understanding: The article points out a very important differentiation between positive self-perceptions of aging (positive SPA) and optimism. While SPA is based on personal experiences with aging process, optimism refers to a general perception of the future in a broader sweep of an older adult. Understanding the differences between these two concepts, I gain more knowledge of why and how SPA and optimism are associated with each other, and respectively impact health outcomes among older adults. More specifically, an older adult may hold negative
(3) Discussion of Enhancement of Understanding: The article points out a very important differentiation between positive self-perceptions of aging (positive SPA) and optimism. While SPA is based on personal experiences with aging process, optimism refers to a general perception of the future in a broader sweep of an older adult. Understanding the differences between these two concepts, I gain more knowledge of why and how SPA and optimism are associated with each other, and respectively impact health outcomes among older adults. More specifically, an older adult may hold negative