African American literacy levels have continued to be lower than their counterparts throughout the years. This is a trend starting from kindergarten; scholars have documented black students enter kindergarten with weaker reading skills than their Caucasian counterparts, which follows them through secondary school (Ferguson, 2003). Looking at the large disparity amongst blacks and other race literacy levels, according to Annie E. Casey Foundation’s KIDS COUNT Data Center White male students are three times more likely to be reading proficiently in the fourth grade than their African-American peers and more than twice as likely as Hispanic boys (Jordan, 2010). Research shows children of color from low-income families are performing even lower,
