Advantages And Disadvantages Of Globalization

Register to read the introduction… In their opinion, globalization has manifested unemployment, poverty and marginalization. Additionally, it has been one of the key drivers behind the financial crises (Gunter & Van der Hoeven, 2004). Greater income inequality exists. With a bottom layer of society getting more poor, while the upper layer is getting more rich. The outsourcing of jobs abroad causes job losses and a decrease in the wages. Efficiency leads to manufacturing sites in countries that offer the lowest controls regarding, costs, taxes, labour standards and environmental controls. Therefore, they generate a “global race to the bottom” (Tonelson, 2000 as cited in Preble, 2010, p. 337). Together with an increasing social, economic and political insecurity the sustainability of the current globalization process is threatened. Even for those who have benefitted from globalization, (Kaplinsky, 2001 as cited in Gunter & Van der Hoeven, 2004). Furthermore, Preble (2010) argues that national cultures and identities are endangered by the increasing amount of media networks. While in the beginning it looked like globalization may have reduced gender imbalances, more recent studies show that gender discrimination still exists (Gunter & Van der Hoeven, …show more content…
The article of Acker (2004) and the article of Richards & Gelleny (2007) focus specifically on the effect globalization has had on gender …show more content…
This derives from a growing amount of female employees in the manufacturing zones. More recent studies show that women accept lower salaries, although the participation rate has increased. Also is stated is that women are less in control of the spending of their wages (Chambers, 2000, as cited in Gunter & Van der Hoeven, 2004). Acker (2004) states that the difference between work done by men and work done by women comes from a traditional division. In this view women are responsible for unpaid, reproductive labor. They are fulfilling positions with a lower salary and power than men. These gendered statements are modified into the present form of globalization. Therefore, unpaid labor for women seems to be justified (Acker, 2004). At this moment, women are represented in high positions. However, this phenomenon is still rare and most of them perform in some masculine way. Nevertheless, this may indicate that an economy dominated by males could be old fashioned soon. A new form of economy would be more represented by females. (Acker, 2004). At the same time, Standing (1999, as cited in Acker, 2004) argues that the jobs currently defined as feminine are low-paid, part-time, insecure and without benefits. Jobs related to multinational corporations result in a higher salary than the traditional domestic jobs. Therefore, the increased access for women to the workforce