Ad Hominem Fallacy Research Paper

Decent Essays
The Ad Hominem fallacy is the act of attacking the characteristic of a person in an argument rather than the argument itself. This fallacy is used to remove the creditability of someone due to things not in relation to the case. For example if a witness in a court case was a pasted convicted felon , then their credibility could be lost by the jury even though it was irrelevant information to the case at hand. Even if the statements made by the witness are true the jury may not believe him/her. Emotions tend to be strong point of Ad Hominem fallacy. Emotion can cloud just judgement and cause problems in daily life and especially court cases. There are different versions of Ad hominem fallacy, including fallacious, non-fallacious, biased, psychological, inconsistency, and inverse. …show more content…
For example, political “mudslinging” is fallacious. Non-fallacious ad hominem is when a statement is reliant on a testimony, and ad hominem argument become non-fallacious and are relevant. Bias ad hominem is a fallacy that occurs when within an argument someone has a predetermined opinion or bias within the question. For example, a National Rifle Association member in an argument about gun control legislation would obviously decide against more gun control

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    Fallacies In Hoops Dreams

    • 807 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Basketball is rapidly becoming the most popular sport in the United States with the National Basketball Association expects to bring in five billion in revenue this season. Basketball for many is seen as a game but for other it’s seen as a hope in which they can free themselves from endless cycle of poverty. That is exactly what is depicted in the documentary Hoops Dreams by Steve James who follows two young boys name Arthur Agee and William Gates. These two young boys live in the inner city of Westchester, Illinois where crime, drugs, and gang violence are prominent however, with dreams to play for the National Basketball Association they see basketball as a way to escape the area. They are picked up as basketball prospects for St. Josephs,…

    • 807 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Section One, Intro/Offense: Jay Heinrichs points out how rhetoric is an incredibly useful skill that dates all the way back to being started by the ancient Greeks and perfected by the Romans. As time progressed in about the 19th century rhetoric increasingly became less popular and has not been a large part of education. Heinrichs would like to show to people just how important rhetoric truly is. Rhetorical arguments are all around us, as the author notices the company that makes his wrist watch uses a form of marketing called “argument from strength”, simply meaning if something works in the rough it will work in the smooth. Heinrichs leads into a vey important part of a rhetorical argument, persuasion.…

    • 1230 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Coercive Act Dbq

    • 1358 Words
    • 6 Pages

    An example of that would be a patriot named Patrick Henry, who gave a commonly known speech to the Virginia legislature, known as, “Give Me Liberty Or Give Me Death!” Henry starts off his argument, declaring, “We have petitioned; we have remonstrated; we have supplicated; we have prostrated ourselves before the throne, and have implored its interposition to arrest the tyrannical hands of the ministry and parliament.” (Henry) In this Henry is implying that the king is a tyrant along with the parliament. Even though the king could probably be considered a tyrant this argument is still an emotionally based bias because in this Henry is implying that the colonists have protested which is not one-hundred percent true because there are thousands of loyalists resided in America as well.…

    • 1358 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Many superstitions are examples of post hoc ergo propter hoc fallacies. During the times of the Salem witch trials, the ignorance of the people prevented them from thinking rationally and they quickly adapted to blaming their misfortunes on other unrelated objects and people. After Dr. Hale arrives to examine Betty, Giles asks him if he should worry about his wife because she reads books: “ Last night -mark this- I tried and tried and could not say my prayers. And then she closed her book and walks out of the house, and suddenly -mark…

    • 244 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The fourth fallacy in Twelve Angry Men is Poisoning the Well which translates to Ad Auditorium in latin. Poisoning the Well fallacy is when you make a statement that already shuts down any argument that your opponent might bring up The character in Twelve Angry Men that used this fallacy was The Yankee.…

    • 300 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Rhetoric is the act of persuasive speech or writing involving the use of knowledge and figurative language to make a specific form and function of speech or writing that would best fit a person’s goal in convincing their audience. For example, you are watching your favorite TV show and the TV show goes straight too commercial. The commercial’s objective is to give awareness on smoking, which portrays cigarettes as monsters containing over 7000 chemicals. The commercial is using symbolism by representing cigarettes as noxious monsters to alarm minors and smokers how critical smoking…

    • 94 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Summer Reading Assignment: Thank You for Arguing The introduction of Thank You for Arguing covers a brief history of rhetoric, introducing its beginnings in ancient Greece and its impact on Roman orators. Jay Heinrichs details the effect of rhetoric on America’s founders, the principles used in the making of the Bible and the Constitution, and how it inspired Shakespeare and Cicero, as well as how rhetoric has faded since the 1800s. Heinrichs declares his purpose for writing Thank You for Arguing as to “lead you through this ill-known world of argument…to use logic as a convincing tool, smacking down fallacies and building airtight assertions” (Heinrichs 5). Heinrichs hooks his audience by using the very thing he teaches about: rhetoric.…

    • 743 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    These appeals are prevalent in almost all arguments. To Appeal to Logic (logos) | To Develop Ethos | To Appeal to Emotion (pathos) | Theoretical, abstract languageLiteral and historical analogiesDefinitionsFactual data and statisticsQuotationsCitations from experts and authoritiesInformed opinions | Language appropriate to audience and subjectRestrained, sincere, fair minded presentationAppropriate level of vocabularyCorrect grammar | Vivid, concrete languageEmotionally loaded languageConnotative meaningsEmotional examplesVivid descriptionsNarratives of emotional eventsEmotional toneFigurative language | Effect | Effect | Effect…

    • 2061 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Reaching the Limits of Empathy by Understanding Institutionalized Racism The implications and issues that arise from a history of institutionalized racism are not comprehensible to every member of our society. More specifically, the experience of an African American person living in the United States differs vastly from the experience of a white person living in the United States due to institutionalized racism and appropriation of African American culture. In her essay “Respectability Will Not Save Us,” Carol Anderson discusses the term “respectability politics,” its relation to African American history, and how and why it has not worked in our society.…

    • 1733 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Thank You for Arguing Jay Heinrichs has been named professor of rhetoric practice because of his book, Thank You for Arguing What Aristotle, Lincoln, and Homer Simpson can Teach Us About The Art of Persuasion , which has been translated in 12 different languages, revised three times and most assigned books in Harvard. Also, won New York best seller. In Thank you for arguing Heinrichs explains Cicero's three steps of moving the actions of the audience by using argument by character, emotion, and logic and expectations of an audience. He also explains how to move an audience in motion by using selflessness for personal gain. Heinrichs way in explaining can sometimes be useful, but throughout his book he gets out of topic with unnecessary information.…

    • 717 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Argumentative fallacy 's can be seen in everyday life from talking with one 's mom to speaking with their boss, the trouble is identifying these fallacy 's and being aware that they do exist and can affect oneself and the person they are speaking to. Being able to know the difference between an ad hominem and straw man could be the difference between winning one 's argument. To begin with, two quite opposite articles have been provided that contain a central claim about the Iraq war. One of these articles is written by Anna Quindlen, 'We 've been here before ', while the other one is by Donald Stoker, 'Insurgencies rarely win '.…

    • 1019 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Persuasion In Ocean's 11

    • 1343 Words
    • 6 Pages

    In general, emotional appeal is used as support for rational appeal. A person who is highly educated can easily identify emotional appeal. However in some cases, the use of emotional appeal as a key strategy can make persuasion successful. For example, describing a personal experience can built emotional appeal that leads to the success of persuasion. Some techniques of rhetoric that can be used to develop emotional appeal, including concrete example, personal experience, the use of metaphor and simile, comparison and contrast, and the rhythm of the sentence, particularly intended repetition.…

    • 1343 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Jerit discusses the use of rhetoric through a political lens based on the effectiveness of arguments. She constitutes effectiveness as the sustainability and repeatability of techniques used to deliver the points of the candidates. The reason for negative appeals is that, “candidates have strong incentives to evoke emotions such as anger, fear, and anxiety; thus, appeals that are high in emotional content will survive longer than other types of arguments” (564). When using emotional appeals, it is easier to deliver a simple and uniform message than to speak on specific issues. How persuasive a candidate is perceived as depends on their delivery techniques.…

    • 868 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    By Cheyenne Schaller “Where we could see how the “rich” lived and experience - even if just for an hour a day”(Alyssa Rosenberg). As wealthy tv shows begin to fill channels. “A fantasy world where we have started to induce ourselves into the lives of the 1%” (Farnoosh Torabi). It's true, we all prefer to watch the rich, even if we don't like to admit it. You most likely have a tv.…

    • 1357 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Informal fallacies appeal to the ignorance of an inadequately supported argument and can be observed in everyday scenarios. Although many are incognizant of their effect on communication, being aware of the format of an argument can aid an individual in reaching their desired conclusion to any situation they are encountered with. When an argument is presented with limited alternatives, the omission of other choices provides the argument with a false dilemma causing the arguer in the discussion to be limited in their response. If an argument is approached with a false dilemma, the arguer is guiding the defendant to respond in the way that best supports his desired outcome. By limiting the freedom to explore other alternatives, the defendant is left to constitute a response that may not be in their best interest.…

    • 703 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays