Answer the following questions:
1. List and explain the extrapyramidal side effects from first-generation antipsychotics Acute dystonia- muscle rigidity of the neck that causes head to move to one side. Rapid onset. Akathisia- psychomotor restlessness. Inability to be still. often found to be distressing. Pseudoparkinsonism- temporary symptoms caused by medication that are often seen with Parkinsons's disease: tremor, reduced accessory movements, impaired gait, and stiffening of muscles. Tardive dyskinesia- often untreatable, and life long, uncontrolled movement off the face head, neck or the body as a whole. Slow onset often over years
2. What patient teaching would you include for the following drugs?
a. Antidepressants - May cause …show more content…
Antianxiety- Caution the patient: Not to change dose or frequency of medication without prior approval of the prescriber. That these medications may make it unsafe to handle mechanical equipment. Not to drink alcoholic beverages or take other antianxiety drugs, because depressant effects of both will be potentiated. To avoid drinking beverages containing caffeine because they decrease the desired effects of the drug. Recommend that the patient taking benzodiazepines avoid becoming pregnant because these drugs increase the risk of congenital anomalies. Advise the patient to discuss breastfeeding with care provider since these drugs are excreted in the milk and could have adverse effects on the infant. Teach a patient who is taking MOAI about he details of a tyrmine-restricted diet. Teach the patient that: Cessation of benzodiazepine use after 3 to 4 months of daily use may case withdraw symptoms such as insomnia, irritability, nervousness, dry mouth ,tremors, convulsions, and confusion. Medications should be taken with or shortly after meals or snacks to reduce gastrointestinal discomfort. Drug interactions can occur: antacids may delay absorption; cimetide interferes with metabolism of benzodiazepines, causing increased sedation; CNS depressants, such as alcohol and barbiturates, cause increased sedation; serum phenytoin concentration may build up because of decreased …show more content…
Mood Stabilizer Lithium - Lithium treats your current emotional issue and additionally helps stop relapse; thus, it is important to continue taking the drug when this episode is over. Because therapeutic and harmful dose ranges are so close, it is important to watch Li blood levels terribly closely - frequently oftentimes initially, then once every few months once that. Lithium is not habit-forming. It is important to eat a standard diet with normal salt and fluid intake. Lithium decreases Na reabsorption in the kidneys, which may lead to a deficiency of Na. A low sodium intake results in a relative increase in Li retention, which might lead to toxicity. You should stop taking Li if you have got excessive looseness of the bowels, vomiting, or sweating. All of these symptoms can cause dehydration. Dehydration can raise Li levels in the blood to harmful levels. Do not take diuretics while you're taking Li. Lithium is irritating to the lining of your stomach. Take lithium with meals. It is important to own your kidneys and thyroid checked regularly, especially if you are taking Li over an extended period of time. Talk to your doctor regarding this follow-up. Don't take any over-the-counter medicines without checking 1st with doctor. If you find that you simply square measure gaining too much of weight, you may wish to speak this over with doctor or dietician. Many support groups are accessible to give support for individuals with emotional disorders and their families. Keep
1. List and explain the extrapyramidal side effects from first-generation antipsychotics Acute dystonia- muscle rigidity of the neck that causes head to move to one side. Rapid onset. Akathisia- psychomotor restlessness. Inability to be still. often found to be distressing. Pseudoparkinsonism- temporary symptoms caused by medication that are often seen with Parkinsons's disease: tremor, reduced accessory movements, impaired gait, and stiffening of muscles. Tardive dyskinesia- often untreatable, and life long, uncontrolled movement off the face head, neck or the body as a whole. Slow onset often over years
2. What patient teaching would you include for the following drugs?
a. Antidepressants - May cause …show more content…
Antianxiety- Caution the patient: Not to change dose or frequency of medication without prior approval of the prescriber. That these medications may make it unsafe to handle mechanical equipment. Not to drink alcoholic beverages or take other antianxiety drugs, because depressant effects of both will be potentiated. To avoid drinking beverages containing caffeine because they decrease the desired effects of the drug. Recommend that the patient taking benzodiazepines avoid becoming pregnant because these drugs increase the risk of congenital anomalies. Advise the patient to discuss breastfeeding with care provider since these drugs are excreted in the milk and could have adverse effects on the infant. Teach a patient who is taking MOAI about he details of a tyrmine-restricted diet. Teach the patient that: Cessation of benzodiazepine use after 3 to 4 months of daily use may case withdraw symptoms such as insomnia, irritability, nervousness, dry mouth ,tremors, convulsions, and confusion. Medications should be taken with or shortly after meals or snacks to reduce gastrointestinal discomfort. Drug interactions can occur: antacids may delay absorption; cimetide interferes with metabolism of benzodiazepines, causing increased sedation; CNS depressants, such as alcohol and barbiturates, cause increased sedation; serum phenytoin concentration may build up because of decreased …show more content…
Mood Stabilizer Lithium - Lithium treats your current emotional issue and additionally helps stop relapse; thus, it is important to continue taking the drug when this episode is over. Because therapeutic and harmful dose ranges are so close, it is important to watch Li blood levels terribly closely - frequently oftentimes initially, then once every few months once that. Lithium is not habit-forming. It is important to eat a standard diet with normal salt and fluid intake. Lithium decreases Na reabsorption in the kidneys, which may lead to a deficiency of Na. A low sodium intake results in a relative increase in Li retention, which might lead to toxicity. You should stop taking Li if you have got excessive looseness of the bowels, vomiting, or sweating. All of these symptoms can cause dehydration. Dehydration can raise Li levels in the blood to harmful levels. Do not take diuretics while you're taking Li. Lithium is irritating to the lining of your stomach. Take lithium with meals. It is important to own your kidneys and thyroid checked regularly, especially if you are taking Li over an extended period of time. Talk to your doctor regarding this follow-up. Don't take any over-the-counter medicines without checking 1st with doctor. If you find that you simply square measure gaining too much of weight, you may wish to speak this over with doctor or dietician. Many support groups are accessible to give support for individuals with emotional disorders and their families. Keep