Abu Bakr Research Paper

Abu Bakr the first Rashidun caliph (r. 632–634), a member of the Taym clan and one of the Prophet's closest companions was the first adult male convert to Islam . A merchant and an expert on the genealogies of the Arab tribes, Abu Bakr came to be known as al-Siddiq, the one who trusts, a reference to the fact that he alone believed the Prophet’s story of his night journey to Jerusalem. Recognized even in Mecca as the foremost member of the Muslim community after Muhammad, he is credited with the purchase and release of several slaves, renowned for having proclaimed the first Muslim call to prayer. Abu Bakr was chosen by Muhammad to accompany him on his hijra to Medina in 622 C.E. He became Muhammad’s father-in-law when his daughter, Aisha, married the Prophet. Taking the title Khalifa rasul Allah, Abu Bakr …show more content…
At first opposed to Islam, Umar later embraced it in a reversal cherished by tradition. Like Abu Bakr, with whom he was closely associated, Umar married a daughter of the Prophet. Because of his strong personality, he gained considerable influence. At the death of the Prophet, he helped Abu Bakr to be elected as successor, and Abu Bakr, in turn, appointed Umar to succeed him. On taking office, Umar placed the new caliphate state on firmer footing. He assumed the new title as Commander of the Believers, thus making clear his superior authority. He continued the campaign started by Abu Bakr to expand the caliphate outside of Arabia. Under his rule, Syria, Iraq, Egypt, and western Iran all came under Muslim rule, a transformation that greatly altered the nature of the state. Internally, he organized the state over a much larger area, founded new cities, and distributed offices more widely among the various Arabian tribes, thereby moving away from Abu Bakr’s favoritism for the