At the beginning of 20th century language studies shifted from diachrony to synchrony with the great contribution of Ferdinand de Saussure. Language was begun to study in itself for itself. Outer influences on texts were disregarded. After Saussure there emerged many schools and these schools contributed synchronic language studies greatly. Textuality, literary aspect of language, communication models, phonemes were studied by these schools.
When the influence of structuralism reaches its peak in 1957, Noam Chomsky was published his book “Syntactic Structure”. In this book, Chomsky opposes a lot of assumptions and basic arguments about linguistic. Chomsky was criticizing the theory of the structuralism approach to the study of language. Those …show more content…
Saussure examines the realtionship between speech and the evolution of language, and investigate language as a structured system of signs. He concerned with the history of languages, and with the social or cultural influences that shape the development of language. For Saussure language studies should be done synchronically, that is absence of time in language studies. And he thought that language is composed of arbitrary signs. In the General Linguistics he developed a scientific model for language. In Saussure’s view of syntax he worried of two terms: parole (speaking) and langue (language). The parole produced by individual speakers meanwhile the langue is a …show more content…
Based on mentalistic understanding.
2. The school is considered a language is not just a stimulus-response process but mental process. This school very closely with psycholinguistics.
3. language is innate. Language is an innate factor (ancestry / heritage)
4. This theory of language separates into two parts, named the deep structure and surface structure.
5. Language consists of elements of competent and performance
6. The competent Linguistic knowledge of the language, including rules on it. Linguistic performance is the one to use language skills.
7. The analysis is based on the language of the sentence.
8. The application of the rules of the language is creative
9. These characteristics are in contrast with structuralism that is based on the generality.
10. The analysis embodied in the tree diagram and formula.
11. The analysis in this theory starts from the sentence structure and then down to a phrase into the Noun Phrase (NP) and Verb Phrase (VP) and then move to the Word.
Besides of differences of Structuralism and Generative grammar, there also similarity both of schools, they had the same objective : describe and classify linguistic units, though they do not share the same perspective. Structuralism deal with Saussure's notion of langue, whereas generative grammar by Noam Chomsky derived from the limitations of their structuralism
When the influence of structuralism reaches its peak in 1957, Noam Chomsky was published his book “Syntactic Structure”. In this book, Chomsky opposes a lot of assumptions and basic arguments about linguistic. Chomsky was criticizing the theory of the structuralism approach to the study of language. Those …show more content…
Saussure examines the realtionship between speech and the evolution of language, and investigate language as a structured system of signs. He concerned with the history of languages, and with the social or cultural influences that shape the development of language. For Saussure language studies should be done synchronically, that is absence of time in language studies. And he thought that language is composed of arbitrary signs. In the General Linguistics he developed a scientific model for language. In Saussure’s view of syntax he worried of two terms: parole (speaking) and langue (language). The parole produced by individual speakers meanwhile the langue is a …show more content…
Based on mentalistic understanding.
2. The school is considered a language is not just a stimulus-response process but mental process. This school very closely with psycholinguistics.
3. language is innate. Language is an innate factor (ancestry / heritage)
4. This theory of language separates into two parts, named the deep structure and surface structure.
5. Language consists of elements of competent and performance
6. The competent Linguistic knowledge of the language, including rules on it. Linguistic performance is the one to use language skills.
7. The analysis is based on the language of the sentence.
8. The application of the rules of the language is creative
9. These characteristics are in contrast with structuralism that is based on the generality.
10. The analysis embodied in the tree diagram and formula.
11. The analysis in this theory starts from the sentence structure and then down to a phrase into the Noun Phrase (NP) and Verb Phrase (VP) and then move to the Word.
Besides of differences of Structuralism and Generative grammar, there also similarity both of schools, they had the same objective : describe and classify linguistic units, though they do not share the same perspective. Structuralism deal with Saussure's notion of langue, whereas generative grammar by Noam Chomsky derived from the limitations of their structuralism