Smallpox Inoculation Case Study

Great Essays
The source I have selected is a handwritten outline for a lecture on the smallpox inoculation, an injection that releases a very minor for of the disease into the patient for trained immunity. The passage focuses on preparing the body before inoculation, especially in regards to humoralism and temporal changes. As the database only provided one image of the source, the source is approximately one-page long. Although short, the source delivers a very concise description of a case study of a young girl in England and focuses on the preparation of her body before inoculation (however, the patient’s parents revoked their decision for their child to receive the injection). It is possible that the following pages of the notes may have focused on …show more content…
The handwritten nature of these notes and the elaborate signature at the top of the page marked by Dr. Rutherford creates a true sense of authenticity and transports its audience into a 1751 smallpox inoculation case study. Rutherford’s notes serve two major purposes to provide insight into the medical history of Britain: (1) elaborating on the methods of teaching in medical schools in 1751 and (2) creating awareness of typical medical practices of mid eighteenth century Great Britain. Although the notes are presented as an outline for a lecture, the source also provides useful and dependable information on clinical medical practices in preparing bodies for …show more content…
As previously read sources discussed the influence of British medical practices on American sources, Rutherford’s lecture notes support these claims, especially though his description of the preparation of the body and his advocacy for the inoculation. One can also infer that Rutherford’s firm stance on the necessity of inoculation may have had a greater impact on the residents of Britain, who then transferred their stories to colonial America. Rutherford’s advanced and published medical literature may have made rounds in the medical marketplace, providing other clinicians, professors, and educated common people with core information about the smallpox inoculation and the preparation of the body. Students of Rutherford learned their practice from clinical training and case studies, as well as from the strong opinions of their professor. It is evident that British physicians like Rutherford in the mid eighteenth century sought after the success of the inoculation in their country and their country’s colonies. These strong British opinions and practices heavily influenced and, essentially, fathered the medical practices found in North America, especially in regards to the humoralism of preparing the body for the smallpox

Related Documents

  • Improved Essays

    In this time of peril, the Yellow Fever epidemic of 1793, I as a doctor am observing different treatments for Yellow Fever. In the city of Philadelphia, thousands of men women and children alike are dying of this nightmare come true. I will do as King George II says and make sure that should this happen in England, we’ll be ready Are the French doctors or the Philadelphia doctors better? They are similar, yet so different! What to chose what to choose… I will write the similarities and differences and from that information, I will figure out which is the best.…

    • 500 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Yellow Fever and Human Experimentation As researchers traveled to Cuba to study the disease, United States Army researchers soon discovered the cause of Yellow Fever. Through the determination of Yellow Fever Experimentation Carols Finlay, decides to test his theory of mosquito transmission. This is what many historians or researches call a human experimentation in which a human of course takes into an act of manipulation of the body for further understandment. Lazer (another researcher) continues the experiment on other humans, unfortunately they soon fell ill.…

    • 307 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Chapter 3 Article 3: Cherokee Medicine, Colonial Germs: An Indigenous Nation s Fight against Smallpox, 1518-1824 Chapter two of the textbook, Biosecurity and Bioterrorism Containing and Preventing Biological Threats, by Jeffrey R. Ryan, goes into extensive detail on the numerous types of category A diseases and their agents. Category A diseases and agents, hold the greatest potential for harm in the case of a bioterrorist attack (Ryan 2016, p. 51). Throughout this chapter the different types of category A diseased are listed, one of the most feared and well know of these is Smallpox. Pursuing this further, if Smallpox were to be formed into a biological weapon, it would be very hazardous to the citizens of the United States (Ryan 2016, p.…

    • 287 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Ww1 Unit 1 Research Paper

    • 306 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Hospitals during the start of the war were set up in whatever buildings that were available, the only requirement was that they were a safe distance from the battlefields. The most usual places hospitals were set up in were buildings, churches, ships, barns and even wagons in the middle of battlefields. Patents were in close quarters at all times which helped spread diseases, the most common were dysentery, malaria, or typhoid. As casualties started to add up doctors realized that they needed more room for patients so, they began to build. Germs weren’t common knowledge in this era, all doctors understood was that fresh air was advocated with good health.…

    • 306 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    This paper seeks to analyze the book Sherwin B Nulands the Doctors Plague based on its content, style as well as merit, nevertheless we are going to look at the description of the branches of science involved as well as the scientific methods found in the book. This book was authored by Sherwin B. Nuland and was originally published in the year 2003; this book entails a revealing narrative of very important occurrences in the history of medicine. This book focuses on Ignac Semmelweis and the non compliance notion that doctors should examine patients after washing their hands. The character found out that doctors were responsible for spreading Childbed fever, these simple actions took shape immediately but the medical establishment those days…

    • 1105 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    In the early days of research, 23 cases of cutaneous anthrax occurred between 1944 and 1945. Because of this, procedures were improved drastically, along with laboratory guidelines. Biosafety cabinets, or BSC’s, were introduced into laboratories and the instances of exposure went down to only two cases between 1948 and 1952. Much was the same for other pathogens. With the introduction of vaccines for diseases such as Q Fever and Franciscella tularensis, the instances of infection decreased even more (“Chapter 2”).…

    • 1499 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Scientific Revolution Dbq

    • 1510 Words
    • 7 Pages

    According to the text “Medicine and the human body” found in The World History Book it states that “British Physician Edward Jenner introduced a vaccine to prevent smallpox… Jenner discovered that inoculation with germs from a cattle disease called cowpox gave permanent protection from small smallpox in humans.” This evidence demonstrates that Edward Jenner is significant because he discovered that those who had cowpox could not be infected with smallpox which was a widespread disease that killed thousands of people or left hideous scars. He tested his theory on a dairymaid that was infected with cowpox and he injected her with the smallpox and discovered that she was not infected by the disease. This research supports my thesis that the scientific revolution was the most important period because Edward Jenner found a way to prevent a very deadly disease using vaccinations and this gave people new knowledge about how the human body reacts to different diseases.…

    • 1510 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Source two is an excerpt from a much longer text. It is an account of smallpox and its serious impacts that it had on the Aztec civilisation from an Aztecs point of view. It was written by an unknown Aztec, most likely a male as mostly the males learned to write, during a smallpox epidemic and it has been translated into English by a historian. ‘No longer could they walk; they only lay in their abodes, in their beds. No longer could they move, no longer could they bestir themselves, no longer could they raise themselves, no longer could they stretch themselves out face down, no longer could they stretch themselves out on their backs.…

    • 174 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Limbs infected with gangrene were usually cut in order to prevent spreading of the disease or eventual death of the patient (Kirkup 2007). Prior to the incorporation of the Barber-Surgeons Company in 1540, the training of surgeons was done through apprenticeships, after which they were given oral examinations. However, many barber-surgeon apprentices were illiterate, and there was a huge discrepancy in the training. They also had little anatomical knowledge. On the flipside, more educated surgeons were very few in number at the time.…

    • 934 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Enlightenment beliefs and ideologies immensely contributed to society and culture of the period. Civilization benefited from the ideals of famous philosophes like Denis Diderot and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Denis Diderot was one of the main contributors to “The Encyclopedie”, a piece of literature that greatly affected education at that time. This Encyclopedia contained the thoughts of the enlightenment on politics, religion, and society. It even contained information on science and technology.…

    • 634 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Great Essays

    Over 200 years ago a medical student by the name of Edward Jenner successfully created the first vaccination ever. In the following years scientists engineered a variety of vaccines following Jenner’s model and by 1970 international vaccine programs, such as the World Health Organization, had created a smallpox vaccine that eliminated the disease worldwide. Since the implementation of vaccines, questions of safety have arose, especially from parents concerned with the health dangers of vaccinations. With the rise in quantity of vaccines, many individuals question the not only the necessity of them, but if the proper testing has been completed to ensure safety with inoculation. In today’s current society the CDC recommends an astounding fifteen…

    • 1222 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Smallpox In The New World

    • 1240 Words
    • 5 Pages

    European nations came to the New World to expand their ideas over world affairs and gain more wealth. Many of the people also came to the New World to practice their own form of religion without being persecuted for it. The first Europeans to explore the New World were the Spanish and they were also the first to settle in what is now the United States. This New World for Europeans was already home for the Native Americans. As the European explorers continues to expand in North America, they brought many changes to Native American tribes.…

    • 1240 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In “William Harvey: A Life in Circulation”, Thomas Wright asserts that people in the medical field in 1639 disfavour revolutionary ideas when the fundamental principles of medicine are laid and highly valued, and displays William Harvey’s conflict with the hostile critique of his peers and struggles for approval of his controversial theory that opposes all traditional medical practices known in the year 1639. Wright introduces the story in the theatre at the University of Altdorf in Nuremberg, Germany, where physician William Harvey explicitly demonstrates his theory of blood circulation in living organisms that the blood travels through the body in a circular motion. Wright gives a brief description of Harvey, describing him as an energetic…

    • 770 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Doctor Robert W. Sears, author of The Vaccination Book: Making the Right Decisions for Your Child, once said, “With the growing mistrust of vaccinations... more and more parents are saying no to vaccines. Illnesses that are very rare right now, that most parents don’t have to fear...” Vaccines have been used for decades, and have continued to change and advance as the scientific field has gained more knowledge on defeating a multitude of diseases and sicknesses. The question is how are vaccines affecting a community? Some of the most well-known diseases with elaborate vaccines well ahead of their time are smallpox, and polio, which helped shape the community of today.…

    • 1194 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    During the 1700s, in the Colonial period, the practice of medicine was primitive, as was the healthcare provided to the early settlers. During this time “heroic medicine” was practiced. Aggressive treatments such as bleeding, purging, and blistering occupied a central place in therapeutics. Different philosophies (Western medicine and Native American medicine) were making it difficult for doctors to command the authority they desired. It was very easy to become a doctor during this period, anyone could claim to be a doctor.…

    • 1076 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Superior Essays