Vertebrate

fossilized bones once they broke through into a buried passage, what they found within the unmapped caves was astounding. They found the biggest, most diverse and best preserved Pleistocene vertebrate fossil assemblage in Australia in what's currently referred to as the Fossil Chamber. The Pleistocene fossil vertebrate deposits of Victoria Fossil Cave at Naracoorte area are thought of being Australia's largest and best preserved, and one of the richest deposits within the world. For more than…

Liliana Nunez Professor Tronske Biology 111L.10 02/22/2017 Shark Study Reveals Taste Buds were Key to Evolution of Teeth While human taste buds sit individually on the tongue, numerous creatures’ specifically non-animal vertebrates have taste buds that line the areas of the jaws that likewise house teeth. The areas of a shark's mouth with the most astounding attentiveness of taste buds are right behind the last line of teeth in both the upper and lower jaws, indicating a significant relation…

The skin is organized in two parts: the epidermis and the dermis. The epidermis is the thin outer covering of the skin. It serves as a permanent protective barrier that helps to keep out everything from water to microorganisms. Additionally, it has the task to renew itself if cut or damaged in anyway. Furthermore, the epidermis also help to produce a water resistant protein called keratin, which helps the growth of hair and fingernails. The dermis is the inner layer of the skin that is mostly…

with increased isometric force exerted by leg muscles, their maximum shortening speeds and their series compliances. When ground forces are small multiples of body mass (as for humans), countermovement and catapult jumps are about equally high. Vertebrates, which is another word for fog, have not evolved catapult mechanisms and use countermovement jumps…

president of the United States of America (Byrne & Sheldon, 2014). In the United States of America, there are usually veterans who are must have to expect to see the medical doctors provided by the America dealing with vertebrates (Byrne & Sheldon, 2014). The federal state vertebrate dealing department only provides the health services to those individuals who have been enrolled by in the health department, the care sector of the VA. The program is of choice, and does not restrict the number of…

Wildlife crossings should be built to help reptiles cross the road without having to go on to the pavement. “98 percent or more of turtles are killed in their first attempt at a road crossing.”, according to Sarah Zelinski’s article. The numbers should not be this high; especially on something like crossing the road. How can we prevent these innocent turtles from getting killed by just crossing the road. Fencing is not the right way to go in a situation likes this. Fences can rust and makes…

Swift’s writing demonstrates a great deal of animosity towards the human race at times, with the majority of his effort spent especially on the female sex. Due to Swift’s inability to “forgive men and women for being vertebrate mammals as well as immortal souls” as said by Aldous Huxley, he spends his life satirically arguing what it is to be human – especially of the female sex, only to find that there is no single way to define humans as compared to beasts. Swift’s detestation of the female…

a large class of animals called Reptilia, which contains over 8225 species. Reptiles are animals that are ectothermic (cold-blooded) vertebrates that breathe air. Most reptiles are oviparous (egg-laying) animals with the exception of some ovoviviparous (live-bearing) constrictor snakes and vipers, as well as a few lizard species. They are also theropods, vertebrate animals that have four limbs or are descended from animals with four limbs. Deciphering the lizard classification system can at…

2.0 Experimental Approach Predatory cone snails (genus Conus) produce a rich array of venoms that collectively contain an estimated 100,000 small, disulfide-rich peptides (i.e., conotoxins, or conopeptides). Over the last few decades, the conopeptides have revealed a remarkable diversity of pharmacological function and utility. An evolutionary rationale for the existence of such a large and pharmacologically diverse set of gene products can be premised on the complexity of intra- and…

The ichthyosaurs, commonly known as the fish-lizards, were a very unique species that inhabited the oceans of our planet some 250 million years ago. Exactly what are the ichthyosaurs? These are creatures that evolved from a land species into dominate sea carnivores. Many have speculated on exactly what type of land creature the ichthyosaurs originally evolved from. Scientist believe that its origins are definitely reptile and belonged to a group called Diapsida, which includes lizards, dinosaurs…