Transmission and infection of H5N1

Mononucleosis is caused by the EBV. According to the EBV is a member of the herpes virus family and is one of the most common viruses to infect humans around the world. The virus is spread through direct contact with saliva from the mouth of an infected person and cannot be spread through blood contact. You can be exposed to the virus by a cough or sneeze, by kissing, or by sharing food or drinks with someone who has mono. It usually takes four to eight weeks for symptoms to develop after you’re infected. In adolescents and adults, the infection causes noticeable symptoms in 35 to 50 percent of cases. In children, the virus typically causes no symptoms and the infection often goes unrecognized. According to the Hospital Episode Statistics from the Department of Health in England, the severity of those infected with mono from 2002 to 2003 was so significant that 92 percent of those infected required hospitalization. Fifty-six of those hospitalized were men and 44 percent of those who were…

1) To perform a cellophane tape test for lice you can use cellophane or regular tape. First, (after putting gloves on) you place the tape on the skin and hair so that the sticky part of the tape can collect any visible or non-visible parasites. Try to pick up visible, abnormal particles present from the skin or hair. Collecting the whole hair shaft is useful to see if the lice have infested themselves deeper in into the skin. Once you have obtained the hair sample, place it on a slide with…

NAEGLARIA FOWLERI: THE BRAIN EATING AMOEBA? Primary amebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a devastating yet rare hemorrhagic infection of the brain caused by Naeglaria Fowleri, the only know amoeba to infect humans. PAM is associated with a rapid onset even in healthy individuals, who have been swimming in freshwater such as swimming pools, lakes and streams. For this reason, it has the potential to be an outbreak in New Zealand. Naeglaria Fowleri is only able to infect individuals through…

food and exercise choices. Priority: Malaria Statement: “In 2015, an estimated 214 million cases of malaria occurred worldwide and 438,000 people died” (CDC). Malaria is a disease spread by mosquitos infected with the virus. Symptoms include: headaches, body aches, fever, vomiting, sweating and more. In severe cases it can cause abnormalities in blood coagulation and acute kidney failure (CDC). There are drugs available to treat malaria, but must not be taken by pregnant women and people with…

pathways were utilized. The methods used included viral infection of cell cultures, hemagglutination assay, real-time quantitative PCR, plaque assay, transmission electron microscopy, TUNEL assay, flow cytometric analysis of apoptosis, western blot, subcellular fractionation extraction, inhibition of apoptosis using specific inhibitors, and cytokine and chemokine quantification. The replication efficiency of H1N1, H5N1, and H7N2 in P815 mast cells was analyzed in figure 1. A HA assay…

domestic birds usually sicken and die in just a few days after contracting the virus. AI has been identified in over 100 different species of wild birds worldwide, with the majority of these being waterfowl (Center for Disease Control and Prevention). OVERVIEW I was unable to find a clear date for the imminence of AI in birds; however, the first human infection of highly pathogenic AI virus was detected in 1997 during a poultry outbreak in Hong Kong, China (World Health Organization). Since then…

This cellular eruption then send thousands of other viruses into the respiratory tract and eventually the bloodstream to accomplish the same thing. The destruction of respiratory cells is what causes the inflammation that leads to coughing and mucus production. At this point, the body's immune system (adaptive immune system is third line of defence) is clearly aware of the present infection and is working tirelessly to find the specific antibody it needs to properly combat this virus. The battle…

Zerbo, 2013, p. 25). Many people agree that it is important to be healthy; as a result, scientists and medical personnel are looking for solutions that can promote well-being in the population and prevent the most vulnerable group from acquiring flu complications, especially pregnant women. The solution to this problem is a vaccine. This paper will examine the effects of the influenza virus on pregnant women and their fetuses, along with the benefits of the flu vaccine on pregnant women. The…

Although marine viruses infect marine organisms ranging from crustaceans to whales, we know little about the modes of their transmission and infection. Some of these marine viruses pose potential health risks to humans. For example,viruses such as calci and distemper are known to circulate between marine and terrestrial mammals and some of them are also thought of causing disease in humans. Furthermore, there are many evidences which indicate that marine birds harbor avian flu, particularly the…

occurrence during this time of year is the increase in diagnosis of respiratory infections such as rhinovirus, bronchitis, and pneumonia. There is one type among them that may be considered the worst kind of respiratory infection, and that is the Flu, properly known as Influenza. Some crucial factors that intrigue medical professionals and researchers concerning this viral infection are the same factors that scare the general public such as: how one may contract the virus from a host who is…