Thoracic vertebrae

The esophagus is 18-26 cm long in adults and positioned anterior to the spinal vertebrae and posterior to the trachea. It can stretch depending on the size of the bolus and is made up of four mucosal tissue layers. The mucosal tissue layers provide protection and aid in the transportation of the bolus. Moreover, the esophageal anatomy is divided into 3 areas which include cervical, thoracic and abdominal. Once the bolus enters the esophagus, it exerts downward resulting in a widening…

DOI: 1/19/2006. The patient is a 59 -year-old male housekeeping aide who sustained a work-related injury to his neck, head and low back when the elevator he was riding suddenly drops causing him to fall backwards. The patient was subsequently diagnosed with status post cervical spine fusion; chronic pain syndrome; radiculopathy, cervical region; spinal stenosis, cervical region; and cervicobrachial syndrome. According to OMNI notes, the patient had cervical discectomy and fusion, lumbar strain…

The proximal origin of the muscle is on the spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae 7–12, the thoracolumbar fascia, the iliac crest, and the lower ribs (Figure14). The tendon is attached to the humerus anteriorly floor of bicipital groove. The tendon is either wing-like or quadrilateral. Most of the deep surface of the tendon…

Everyday our bodies need oxygen and different nutrients to function properly but in order to maintain that constancy, our blood has to be constantly moving. And in order for our cells to get transported and get everything they need, the heart needs to be beating. The cardiovascular system makes sure the levels of substances in the blood is constant by transporting these substances as circumstances change. The heart is located in the lower part of the mediastinum between the lungs. Most…

On the night of April 16th I attended “An Evening of Small Group Jazz” at Cal State Northridge’s Cypress Hall. For that whole day I was pretty glad I would be attending the event due to graduating from a Music Academy high school. Unfortunately, it did not go as well as expected. For my second concert I decided to attend my high school’s jazz concert on May 1st. On this night there where 3 combos that played their little hearts out and was I proud. The best part of attending these concerts was…

Skeletal remains from Lofkënd, Corinth, Epidamnus, and Apollonia were examined to determine if the null hypothesis of changes in physical activity levels, as evidenced by osteoarthritis in human skeletons is correct. This research will test the null hypothesis that physical activity levels, as evidenced by osteoarthritis in human skeletons, remained constant at Epidamnus, and Apollonia, Albania during Greek colonial expansion (620 BCE-229 BCE). The assemblages for each site was first divided…

Rare peroxisomal biogenesis disorder RCDP1, is a genetic disease diagnosed in infants and inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. The disease is caused by a monogenic nonsense or missense mutation in the PEX7 gene of humans, encoding the Pex7p import receptor protein responsible for transporting PTS2 proteins and enzymes from the cytosol to the matrix of the peroxisome. Affected individuals are significantly impaired and do not live longer than a decade, displaying severe learning, growth,…

58-year-old female crew member who sustained injury to her neck, back, and right shoulder when she tripped over boxes and fell on the floor while carrying guacamole to line. As per OMNI notes, the patient is diagnosed with cervical spine joint disease, thoracic spine sprain, right shoulder impingement and chronic pain of the right upper extremity. Electrodiagnostic studies done on 12/08/15 showed no electrophysiological evidence to support motor radiculopathy or brachial plexus injury and…

Student no:16472374 The nervous system and neuron communication The nervous system is a highly complex and broad area of biopsychology. People depend on the nervous system for their survival and safety.This essay will explore the components from which the nervous system is composed and their main functions. This essay will also decipher the mechanisms through which neurons communicate. According to Carlson (2014) the Nervous system is branched into two categories - the central nervous system…

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common form of feline cardiomyopathies. This disease affects the cardiovascular system. The heart has many important anatomical features. One of these being the ventricle of the heart. The ventricle of the heart is the main heart muscle that pumps blood. When HCM occurs the left ventricle within the heart thickens. When the thickening of the ventricle occurs there will be a decreased ventricular chamber volume, and abnormal ventricular relaxation.…