Superior vena cava

Superior Vena Cava Syndrome The Superior Vena Cava (SVC) is the main blood vessel that transports de-oxygenated blood from the upper body to the heart. The SVC is a short vein located in the anterior right Superior Mediastinum, which is the area found in the mid-line of the Thorax (Drake et al. 2010). The vein is surrounded by many structures involved in the respiratory and circulatory system including the right Bronchus and the Mediastinal lymph nodes (Martini & Ivonne 2004). Figure 1 is a coronal CT image of a human chest, highlighting the heart and the location of the SVC. Superior Vena Cava Syndrome (SVCS) is characterised by the obstruction of blood flow through the SVC (Cohen et al. 2008). As the vein is relatively thin walled, obstruction…

Endoscopic Saphenous Vein Harvesting Endoscopic saphenous vein harvesting (EVH) is a procedure to remove part of the saphenous vein in your leg. The saphenous vein is also called the great saphenous vein or the long saphenous vein. This vein runs from the inside of your ankle, up along the inside of your knee, and up to your groin. It returns blood from your leg to your heart. This vein is used to make a detour (bypass) around a blocked heart artery. EVH is done as part of heart surgery.…

Our physician reviewed his medical record and recommended an Inferior Vena Cava filter placed. The patient was concerned, because a friend told him that blood clots below the knee do not travel and just need monitored by ultrasound. The friend had got the information from the internet. . I located some material on a website that indicated that a below the knee DVT is unlikely to break away and is usually monitored by ultrasound (MedicineNet, 2015). Now, my patient does not want to have the…

for antiphospholipid antibodies, antithrombin III level and lupus anticoagulant. When the serum tests are not revealing anything unusual, genetic testing is acquired to look for mutation such as prothrombin G20210A mutation should be done (Dugdale, 2013). Some non-intrusive methods to detect DVT are Doppler ultrasound or a CT scan. The interruption of DVT includes mobility soon after surgical procedures, compression stockings and application of SCD. The treatment of DVT…

Hierarchies make reference to a system that ranks people or groups into categories based on status or authority within a society. The origins of hierarchy are blurred, they range from the Greek to Renaissance period, but we know that in regards to Western society, hierarchies began as a caste organization which became imperial law. The caste organization makes reference to the nobility and the idea that those who were part of this circle were superior to others due to their religion, money and…

symbolize different things. Conrad used this term in ways to identify social and intellectual elements in order to help the reader get a feel of his outlook and his own opinions of the world. The two most noticeable interpretations of “darkness” were how it symbolized racism in the world and it also symbolized the enormous impact that an uncivilized world can have on a civilized person. Symbolism of racism was the first thing that stood out while reading this story. This idea came from the…

Sometimes the thief is a member of the actual company who has a great head position within it, but ended up being greedy, just like the superior officer. This situation can also apply in the military if the superior officer is not punished for abusing his power above other personnel. Approaching the dilemma in a global perspective, countries in Europe describe orders differently as well as how and when following any order should take place. Countries such as England, Belgium, as well as Germany…

The tradition of beginning an engagement with a diamond ring is largely an American custom that has resulted in the United States becoming one of the largest shareholders of the global diamond jewelry market (Global Diamond Jewelry). The custom dates back to first half of the 1900s when diamonds were introduced as a symbol of undying love due to their lasting value. Although diamond wedding rings serve as an investment and symbol of eternal love, some luxury rings, such as Tiffany and Company,…

being terminated, Coleman continued to act as an agent for the company and met with John again to apologize and take him out for dinner that was paid for by Software INC. During the dinner, John and Coleman got into an argument that led Coleman to punch John in the eye, causing severe eye damage. Issues Is Software INC liable for the full value of the ring that Coleman stole while he was in Smalltown, Colorado? Will Software INC be liable to Jimmy’s mom and the owners of Jimmy’s bar? Is…

Our made-up country is called Foreverland. This country displays many interesting symbols. Its national gem is jade. In this country we speak English, central alaskan, etc. The national flower Alpine forget-me-not displays blue flower. It is said to be a symbol of strength. It has a very potent floral smell the is smelt from afar. It national motto is ¨North to the future¨. Is looking at the brighter side of a situation. Foreverland features many landforms. Its majestic mountains are arranged…