Resting potential

A. SIGNIFICANCE: Lack of knowledge of the key molecular players and signaling pathways is a critical barrier to the progress of understanding the role of new protein synthesis in specific components of neural circuitry for establishing long-term memories. The proposed project addresses this important problem by employing a multidisciplinary approach in which we systematically combine tools of imaging, state of the art genomics and bioinformatics, molecular biology, functional analysis and…

the process repeats. Once the electrical potential of Neuron A (presynaptic neuron) reaches -60mV the sodium and potassium channels in the neuron open at the beginning of the axon. The influx of positive sodium ions into the cell makes the inside of the cell more positive and leaves the outside of the cell more negative. The cell is at rest at -70mV and as it gets more positive, it reaches threshold (gets more excited). This change in electrical potential also excites neighboring sodium and…

In class today we dropped a racket ball beneath a sensor in order to describe the motion of the ball in free fall. We collected our data through a sensor that determines the distance of an object from its current location. The sensor connects to a LabQuest that connects to the program Logger Pro, which copies the data collected and forms a position versus time graph as well as a velocity versus time graph. In order to have the data fit the situation of the bouncing ball, we zeroed the sensor so…

responses that are strongest during the rising phase of the ORN response since the ORN  PN synapses display short-term depression that causes ORN spikes that arrive later to produce smaller postsynaptic potentials than the ones produced by earlier spikes. In depressing synapses, successive action potentials result in smaller and smaller postsynaptic responses. The reduction in postsynaptic responses could be due to smaller amount of neurotransmitter release by the presynaptic neuron. Depressing…

time, and learning about the process made me realize how much needs to happen for me to feel a certain way or perform a certain action. In a neuron, it first has to have a certain amount of depolarizing ions for there to be an action potential. When that action potential is reached, charge can be sent through the axon (which is protected by the myelin shealth). As a charge goes through a neuron, vesicles that hold neurotransmitters (that are contained in the presynaptic terminal button) can be…

Elf / meter (J/m) 0.0148 Distance should travel (m) 1.852 Distance actually traveled (m) 1.848 Difference (m) 0.004 Calculation 2.1: Potential Energy of the Toy Car PE=mgh PE=0.03018 * 9.8 *0.09 PE=0.0274 J Calculation 2.2: Energy Lost due to Friction Elf=PE/Distance should travel Elf=0.0274 J/ 1.852 m Elf=0.0148 J/m Calculation 2.3: Energy Actually Lost due to Friction Elf=PE - KE Elf=0…

Discuss the relationship between energy and society. The principle question to ask when examining the relationship between energy and society is whether society drive changes in energy or energy stimulates societal change. The most common answer is that as society innovates and grows more forms of energy are harnessed and so our use of energy changes. However, at a more fundamental level, every major change in human history has been caused by the availability of energy in its various forms. The…

This study analyzed the differences and the relationships of the isolated sciatic nerve in regards to the compound action potential and the neuromuscular junction stimulations of the Rana pipens gastrocnemius. A total of five exercises were used to identify the effects on the stimulation of the sciatic nerve and the gastrocnemius. A dissection for both labs were performed to isolate the nerve and to isolate the gastrocnemius. Both experiments used LabChart to perform various stimulations on the…

Body Responses: Why Do We Respond and React You hear the sound of your favorite song, Hotline Bling, coming from your phone. You think your radio randomly turned on from your phone, but your phone is actually ringing. In a matter of seconds after hearing your phone ring, you run to your phone. Finally, you pick up your phone and answer it. Although a process such as answering your phone may sound simple, there are many activities and processes that are occurring in your body to make answering…

can not be created or destroyed only converted into different forms and traded between systems. All energy is measured in Joules (J). When we talk about waterfalls and dams, the energy’s original form is Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE) which is energy that comes from the potential all objects have to move due to gravity when they are not on the surface of the Earth. The GPE of an object is just the relationship between the object’s mass, the acceleration due to gravity which is a…