Probability density function

Science is intuitive. The tallest hill can be the shortest mountain. It is through our intuition that we come to know that the big ones are mountains and the little ones are hills. In some ways, the same is true for science. Science encompasses everything ranging from chemistry to archaeology, microbiology to astronomy. There are so many different aspects to science that it is hard to boil down to one concrete and concise definition. Science is involved with the study of the natural world. This…

cognitive and behavioral functions., affects the ability to focus and might also increase heart rate and decreases blood pressure. When cannabis is smoked, it is absorbed bloodstream very fast and consequently, reaches the brain within seconds. Shortly after the consumption of small doses, a feeling of relaxation will arise. However, high doses can create hallucinations, delusions, disorientation, anxiety and even paranoia. Nonetheless, its chronic use leads to an increased probability of…

cooling mechanism of the particles. During the laser pulse, the particle achieves the peak temperature and emit thermal signal. After the laser pulse duration, the particle starts to cool down. The cooling of the particles is characterized by a decay function. The decay of LII signal provides information about the primary particle size and size distribution \cite{Dankers:04, DankersSchraml,rousselle,Will:98}. The decay time of LII signal can be described by heat conduction models. A…

so on, the modern new techniques sprang up such as jet electrodeposition [1], ultrasonic vibration assisted electrodeposition [2] and composite deposition technology [3], greatly promoting the development of electrodeposition technology. Even the function materials were obtained that couldn’t be prepared by the ordinary smelting technology. The laser, with the unique…

Electrical Properties AC Conductivity, Ac Resistivity, Dielectric loss, and Dielectric constant are electrical properties and measured as a function of frequency. AC Conductivity and Resistivity AC resistance (ρac) was recorded by LCR meter model 4275 in the frequency range 1MHz to 3GHz. AC conductivity was determined by using the value of Ac resistance. As we know, Ac Conductivity is reciprocal of Ac resistance can be calculated by the relation; ac =1/ρac (6) The variation of AC…

Several terminologies have been used worldwide to describe wildfire or forest fire (e.g. Hardy, 2005; Bento-Gonçalves et al., 2012; Eriksen and Prior, 2013; Mhawej et al., 2015). Generally in the United States, these definitions included prescribed fire - which is a controlled burn ignited by human under a controlled environment and on a limited spatial scale. However, in this chapter, we only focus on uncontrolled fire that occurs in the countryside or wildland. Studies such as Kumagai et al.…

sustainability. Most “precision agriculture” conversations focus on crop applications; using GPS and thermal imaging to detect areas of high pest populations or disease and using aggregated data to determine the best crops to plant in which soil, at what densities and with which protection products to extend the growing season and maximize the yield. However, the dairy industry is far from being left behind in this technological explosion. With increasing urban populations and land prices,…

– equation (2 gives info on location of electron in terms of probability density - wave functions are called orbitals – [pic], where E is energy, e2 is electric potential, r is orbital radius and h is Planck’s constant 1925 Wolfgang Pauli – each orbital has only 2 electrons is now explained due to direction of spin of electrons. Spinning electrons create magnetic field. Only 2 electrons of opposite spin in an orbital referred to as Pauli exclusion principle Hund’s rule – half fill…

option is intramedullary rod positioning within the long bones, metal rods positioned within the bone to improve function (Antoniazzi et al., 2000). Drug therapy can also be effective in treating osteogenesis imperfecta. Most successful is treatment with bisphosphonates during childhood and adolescence. On such drug, disodium pamidronate (APD), was observed to gradually increase bone density within the spine and rest of the body, along with vertebral remodelling, when administered monthly…

Adolescence comes with it several changes in the life of a human being. These changes include physical, emotional and psychological maturation that result in the search for independence through experimentation. For many of the teenagers today, engage in substance use as a way of experimentation. Although the use of alcohol and drugs is common among the teens, those who develop dependent characteristics of these substances arouse the concern of the public health. The use of drugs in adolescents…