Poliovirus

polio scare faded away. Since 1979, the CDC has reported zero domestic cases of polio. Internationally, wild poliovirus transmission rates are declining. Its geographic footprint is steadily diminishing. For 2015, the Global Polio Eradication Initiative, a worldwide public-private partnership spearheaded by the World Health Organization (WHO), reported “57 [annual] cases of wild poliovirus in Pakistan and Afghanistan, compared to 305 cases [in 2014]” from seven additional countries countries…

Jaclyn your discussion was informative. I agree with you that Polio spared no one. Polio affected all races and men, women and children. When the polio epidemic hit the northern part of the United States during 1916 it resulted in twenty seven thousand people being paralyzed from this virus. The epidemic also claimed the lives of six thousand people. The epidemic continued to worsen and occurring more often as it traveled throughout Europe and increasing the spread to the United States during…

Rotary International and WHO was launched as a consequence. The initiative is supported by key partners including the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation1. The GPEI target was to eradicate polio from the world by year 2000. The last cases of wild poliovirus (WPV) were reported in 1993 in the WHO region of the Americas and in 1997 in the Western Pacific region2. Initially, significant progress occurred however in 2010 the number of cases reported was higher in comparison…

victim's brain and spinal cord, which causes paralysis. Common symptoms of polio are: Sore throat, fever, tiredness, nausea, headache, and stomach pains. These symptoms can last for 2-5 days, then they go away on their own. Few people who have the poliovirus contract more serious symptoms that can affect the brain and the spinal cord. The more serious symptoms are: paresthesia (tingling, burning etc. sensations), meningitis, and paralysis. Paralysis is the most severe symptom compared to the…

Wen 1 Rico Wen Ms. Toteda English February 12, 2015 Why animal testing? Did you know that the poliovirus infected over 350 000 people since its discovery? However, with the help of animal testing, the global occurrence rate of this disease has been significantly reduced to 300 cases in 2012. Animal testing was first used by the Greeks, Arabs and Romans to develop medicines to remedy the sick. In our world today, besides curing diseases, animal testing can be used to prevent people from getting…

Parents believe they know what is best for their children. A new fad that seems to be developing with young parents is vaccination refusal. The United State Center for Disease Control says that less than two percent of parents avoid vaccines (Knopper 40). However, 76% of the nation’s children, 24 to 35 months, are not up to date with their vaccines (Grandstaff 8). These young parents are looking for, what they believe are, healthier alternatives to vaccines (Knopper 40). These parents…

Amongst some of them are: brain development, viral infections before birth, such as influenza, rubella, CNS infection, and poliovirus; malnutrition before birth, prenatal stressors, such as not being wanted, bereavement, famine, flood, and maternal depression; problems during birth, such as low birth weight, hypoxia, CNS damage, RH incompatibility, and preeclampsia; trauma at…

Will you vaccinate your child or let them die from a preventable disease? “Vaccines were used as early as 1000 AD”(procon.org). Since they have been around for a very long time they probably are very useful. “The first vaccine in the United States was in 1721 when Cotton Mather encouraged vaccination in response to an outbreak of smallpox”(procon.org). According to procon.org, the first smallpox vaccine was invented by Edward Jenner and was used for over two hundred years. This vaccine saved…

This is due to the OPV’s mechanism of action which not only imparts immunity against all three types of poliovirus but also induces an intestinal reaction culminating with the vaccine virus being shed in feces and spread in areas of poor hygiene and sanitation resulting in passive immunization of the unvaccinated population (Global Polio Eradication Initiative…

Avian Influenza A viruses present a unique challenge to public health as a result of their rapid evolution. Since the beginning of the 20th century, there have been five IAV pandemics, including the 1918 pandemic, which is estimated to have been responsible for 50-100 million deaths worldwide (Taubenberger & Morens, 2006). Each major influenza pandemic has been associated with the appearance of a new subtype circulating in humans. Additionally, particularly virulent pandemic strains and in…