Pleasure

superhuman virtue. A virtuous person’s wishes are aligned with a reasonable rationale so that virtuous act is satisfying and leading to happiness. According to Aristotle, one of an essential condition for a person to be virtuous is that he takes pleasure in acting virtuously. Whereas, a continent individual acts according to virtue and does so for the right reason but his desires are wrong. A virtuous person desires and actions are aligned along reasonable motives leading to happiness. On…

Aristotle made the distinction between real and apparent goods to explain how some goods are below others. Things like pleasure can be selfish because it often involves doing things that one individual benefits from, whereas the things in life that bring people true happiness involve others. An apparent good, is something that involves a mistake in reason leading us to believe that an action or behavior may be good but it actually isn’t. Apparent goods fulfill our wishes and are thought to be…

teleological perspective of Utilitarianism, guarantees that “actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness, wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness. By happiness is intended pleasure and the absence of pain; by unhappiness, pain and the privation of pleasure.” (Mill, p.54) This ethical theory emphasizes that as reasonable beings that naturally interact and are compelled to settle on choices every day, how those choices are established—our results—assumes a…

John Mill’s approach to justice is a qualitative approach based on the foundation of utilitarianism, which is what creates the greatest happiness or the most good for people is the right thing to do. This approach is teleological in so the ends or happiness justify the means or actions are in proportion. Mill is focused on rule-utilitarianism, which does not test each individual action directly by the first principle of utility, but instead, the individual act is just if it conforms to a…

Lars Eighner, although living a life of poverty, seemed to have lived a pleasant life not of anything we would expect. In the reading, Lars Eighner discusses in great details what he discovers while dumpster diving. He speaks about the mental stages of dumpster diving, and explains how most of the food he finds is either thrown away, past the expiration date, or is still edible. Aside from food, he also describes the emotional impact that living out of a dumpster can have on a person. When…

In the article, Why Smiles Generate Leniency, researchers Marianne LaFrance and Marvin A. Hecht, explore the smile-leniency effect. Their first objective is to see if different types of smiles affect the degree of leniency that is shown. The researchers define the smile leniency effect as the phenomena when "smiling can attenuate judgments of possible wrongdoing." They present some background research by Forgas supporting this effect which found that teachers were more lenient with students who…

In most cases, people believe that extrinsic rewards like money, material goods, trophies, and so forth is truly the best way to motivate a person. On the contrary, Daniel H. Pink's Drive, reveals that is not true. Furthermore, Pink argues that motivation through extrinsic incentives or what he calls motivation 2.0 is an outdated system that should replace Motivation 3.0. According to pink motivation 3.0 is an intrinsic incentive, where completing a task is self rewarding. Additionally, Pink…

What is realism? According to Peter Brooks, realism can take up various forms: realism as the visual, or realism as the ordinary aspects of life, or realism as the ugliest aspects of life, as long the message is conveyed. Which message? That of reality. What is reality then? “We have a thirst for reality, which is curious, since we have too much reality, more than we can bear.” (Brooks, 1). Do we in fact crave reality that much? But then as he explains, what we crave is not actually reality.…

What is Utilitarianism? Utilitarianism is the idea that "moral action should be about producing happiness in the world, the more happiness it produces, the better it is" (Garcia, Slide 6). The idea of Utilitarianism can be broken down into two forms; One being Act Utilitarianism and the second being Rule Utilitarianism. Act Utilitarianism is when "an act is morally right just because it maximizes overall well-being, or at least is expected to" (Garcia, Slide 6), while Rule Utilitarianism is when…

The two different forms of utilitarianism that are described by Shaw and Barry are Act and Rule utilitarianism. The act utilitarianism is the most basic from of utilitarianism. In this form our main goal is to maximize happiness for everyone concerned about therefore we judge every situation by asking ourselves question how consequences of specific act will affect the involved people. If the consequences of one act bring more happiness compare to other actions, then we consider that act as a…