Patent ductus arteriosus

Heart and Lung Sounds Assessments The knowledge of the normal heart sound, S1 then S2, will aid in the identification of the abnormal heart sounds as the changes of loudness of S1 or the “lub” in “lub-dup” may signify heart pathology. “The second heart sound has been called the key to heart disease” (Shindler, 2007). It is widely transmitted, usually audible, sharper and shorter than S1, and easily heard. Ventricular gallop or S3 is normal in children but not in older populations as it may be…

breathe easier until the baby can breathe on his/her own. Babies born with serious breathing problems have a higher risk for asthma later in life, turning it into a long-term effect. Heart conditions found in preterm babies are usually PDA, or patent ductus arteriosus. This means that there is a persistent opening between two major blood vessels leading from the heart. This condition however, usually closes on its own, but if it does not and is left untreated the baby can have low blood…

The NCLEX exam is something that I am truly looking forward to taking. It is scary to think about how close I am to graduation and the next big step in my career is to pass my board exam. Some of my strengths when it comes to test taking over two years of practicing NCLEX style questions are: being able to critically think, reading the question and being able to identify what is being asked. Some of my weaknesses when it comes to test taking are time management. Although, I have tried my best to…

Introduction: Upper limb ischemia presenting in the neonatal period is exceedingly rare1. Limb ischemia occurring in utero has three main causes: thrombosis, embolism, and in utero compression2. Neonatal arterial thrombosis and embolism are serious conditions that often result in high morbidity and mortality.3,4 Approximately 90% of neonatal arterial thromboembolic (TE) events are linked to iatragenic causes, including catheterization.4,5 TE events occurring in utero are especially rare, and can…

likely to be diagnosed with these severe physical or mental abnormalities because their organs and other vital systems are not fully developed. Some of these abnormalities could include congenital heart disease, respiratory distress syndrome, patent ductus arteriosus, retinopathy of prematurity, or air leaks. When not developed fully, the immune system of a premature infant does not have the functioning protective cells that would provide defense from these illnesses that the baby might…

Autumn Smith is a 5 year old who was born addicted to the drug known as Meth or Methamphetamines. She was adopted by Erin Smith as just an infant because the mother had been taken away due to the drug problem. Erin had not seen any types of problems with Autumn. She seemed to act like a normal child as she grew older, but by the time she was 5 Erin was noticing a lot of behavioral problems. Autumn was not playing well with other children and she was not playing at the same age level as the other…

remains even higher for Neonatal nurses. Women give birth to approximately 40,000 infants each year with low birth weights. Low birth weights in infants, usually due to prematurity, can result in low blood pressure, bleeding in the brain, Patent Ductus Arteriosus, and most common respiratory problems. Because the lungs develop last before birth, babies born early do not have a mature respiratory system and often have to depend on ventilators. The low birth weight of these 40,000 babies creates…

Cardiomyopathy is a condition where the heart muscle is abnormal. The main types of cardiomyopathy include dilated, hypertrophic and restrictive cardiomyopathy. Cardiomyopathy makes it harder for your heart to pump and deliver blood to the rest of your body. Cardiomyopathy can lead to heart failure. But to science certain it is not known which is the cause that causes this disease only knows that there is a variety of this disease. Cardiomyopathy can be treated. The type of treatment you 'll…

March of Dimes is an organization that fights to prevent birth defects and premature births among babies all over the world. This organization was originally founded and named the National Foundation of Infantile Paralysis by Franklin D Roosevelt (“About Us”). Roosevelt founded this organization when he had a personal encounter with polio. The foundation soon became known as the March of Dimes when they turned their focus to birth defects and prematurity in children. March of Dimes has been…

Surfactant Agents I. Definitions a. Surfactant: A surface-active agent that lowers surface tension i. Examples 1. soap 2. detergent b. Surface Tension: Force caused by attraction between like molecules that occurs at liquid-gas interfaces and that holds the liquid surface intact i. Units of Measure: dynes/centimeter (dyn/cm) 1. the force required to cause a 1 cm rupture in the surface film ii. a droplet forms because a liquid’s molecules are more attracted to each other than the surrounding…