Microscopy

1. INTRODUCTION Graphene is the most required engineering material in the twenty first century, largely due to its exceptional mechanical, thermal and electrical properties. For Example monolayer of graphene sheet has Young’s modulus of about 1 TPa [Ref], shear modulus of 280 GPa [Ref], fracture strength of 130 GPa [Ref], thermal conductivity of 5000 W/mK [Ref], longitudinal sound velocity of 20Km/s [Ref], melting temperature of 4900 K [Ref] and also it has high electron mobility of 250,000…

Aim 1: Determine the amino acid sensing specificity of folliculin. Since folliculin’s has novel molecular function in amino acid sensing I plan to further understand whether FLCN specifically senses a certain amino acid and if this level of detection is enough to elicit an mTORC1 response. 1.1. Determine if folliculin’s novel molecular function in amino acid sensing is triggered by glutamine. mTORC1 activation by amino acids requires FLCN, whereby its lysosomal residence during starvation…

the conclusion of the experiment, we determined which of three genes were linked and the distance between those linked genes. The first experiment involved in this four-week project was the plating of the suspension of spores and application of microscopy. This involved taking the suspension of spores that was already prepared by the Bio 13 staff and spreading the suspension onto two YPD plates by using sterile techniques. These sterile techniques included dipping the spreader used in plating…

Physiological vaginal discharge does not need medical intervention. However discharge associated with increased quantity, pruritus, and foul smell, with changes in its colour or with blood seeks medical treatment (Panda et al, 2013).There are different types of pathogens causing vaginal discharge and their identification is challenging. Vaginitis caused by bacteria, fungi or protozoa can be associated with altered vaginal discharge and odor (Kataria et al, 2015). Vulval irritation, or pruritus…

Equine help in transportation, field work, pulling heavy loads and for pleasures in races and riding. Among the serious problems affecting equine are parasitic infections, of which blood protozoal diseases are considered of great importance in Egypt. The main blood parasites are those belong to family Babesiidae: the cause of equine piroplasmosis (Ahmed, 1981). Equine piroplasmosis remain important diseases for the development of equine industries worldwide, including Egypt, especially…

Filter cube is a component which separates a fluorescence microscope from a light microscope. It consists of one excitation filter, one emission filter and a dichroic or dichromatic mirror (Fig. 2) Dichromatic mirror forms the heart of fluorescence microscopy, because it allows some wavelengths of light to pass through it, while reflecting some other wavelengths. This becomes essential for separation…

determine if the virus was using this intentionally to its benefit and which pathways were utilized. The methods used included viral infection of cell cultures, hemagglutination assay, real-time quantitative PCR, plaque assay, transmission electron microscopy, TUNEL assay, flow cytometric analysis of apoptosis, western blot, subcellular fractionation extraction, inhibition of apoptosis using specific inhibitors, and cytokine and chemokine quantification. The replication efficiency of H1N1,…

Methods This study compared the clinical isolates, containing varying levels of chitin, to the survival status and immune response of the patient that the cells were extracted from. To test whether the amount of chitin correlated with an increased ability of Cryptococcus neoformans to worsen human disease, the chitin levels of the clinical isolates were measured and analyzed with the clinical data for the patients. The findings of the study will contribute to the understanding of the…

Abstract This experiment was a study of the different properties of a lipid bilayer. We used fluorescent microscopy to study the lateral diffusion of lipids and binding properties biotin and anti-biotin. The effect cholesterol has on the fluidity of the membrane was tested using Fluorescent Recovery After Photobleaching (FRAP). We used a Nikon Eclipse 50i upright fluorescent microscope with a Digital Sight DM-2MBW CCD camera to take images of the bilayer after photobleaching. Using these images…

Cannulae implantation: For stereotaxic implantation of Cannulae, mice were anesthetized with 1.0-1.5% isoflurane and secured in a Kopf stereotaxic apparatus. Bilateral stainless steel guide Cannulae (26G, Plastics One) were targeted for placement 1.0 mm above the center of the Anterior Cingulate Cortex (ACC) (AP: +1.5 mm relative to bregma; ML: ±0.4 mm; DV: −0.5 mm from the surface of the skull) or 1.0 mm above the center of the prelimbic subdivision (PL) (AP: +1.7 mm relative to bregma; ML:…