Mesozoic

fossil fuels were created based on what combination of plant and animal debris were present, as well as the amount of pressure and temperature the remains were subjected to over those millions of years (U.S. Department of Energy 2013). During the Mesozoic era, evaporation caused a drastic change in water levels. This in addition to years of pressure and temperatures ranging from 150-300 degrees Fahrenheit, caused a chemical change in the hydrocarbons creating oils and natural gases (NMOGA…

2.4. Hydrocarbon potential Previous work reveals presence of mature sedimentary sequence was derived from Jurassic to lower cretaceous periods in the north part of Lake Malawi which has hydrocarbon reservoir prospects. Existence of thick sedimentary sequence rock could possibly trap hydrocarbon especially in lower Shire valley, northern of Lake Malawi. Presence of large proportion volcanic clasts interbedded with sedimentary rocks transported by rivers present for extensive alluvial plain…

The Evolving Planet exhibit at the Field Museum of Natural History is a work of art that thoroughly explains the story of life through evolution. The exhibit begins by informing us about organic compounds coming to be on earth and how all living organisms require organic compounds. It moves on to explain single cell organisms developing from organic compounds and then becoming self-sufficient using energy from the sun. These single-cell organisms grew into more complex beings with genetic…

Tinger 1991; Wayman 2013). 2.2 Geology Antarctica is predominantly and permanently covered by thick layer of ice. The Antarctica peninsula is made by uplift and metamorphism of sea sediments which occurred during the late Paleozoic and the early Mesozoic eras. This sediments uplift was complemented by igneous intrusions and volcanisms (Adie 1977). The most common rocks founded in Antarctica are andesite and rhyolite formed during the Jurassic period. It has been found that some evidence of…

The Cretaceous-Paleogene Boundary, (K-Pg) boundary, and the associated Dinosaur Extinc-tion theories have many precedents and most could be viewed scientifically from certain and known historical accounts. These hypotheses, some more believable than others, can serve a purpose to study current life and potential trends for future evolutionary traits. Evaluating certain aspects of the theory’s within this research, the main focus will be not be on the factual cause of the extinction, but rather…

The Permian Mass Extinction Introduction There are five major extinctions in history: the Late Devonian, the Ordovician-Silurian, the Permian-Triassic, the Triassic-Jurassic, and the Cretaceous-Tertiary. Known as the Big Five, these extinctions exceeded all others in size and destruction, each killing more than 60% of species from that period. Each one acted as a bottleneck, allowing the survival of only a fraction of the organisms that had been thriving before, from which evolution and life…

1. Short summary of the history At 145 ± 4 to 66 million years (Ma) ago, Cretaceous period was the last period of the Mesozoic Era, right after Jurassic period and followed by the Paleogene period of the Cenozoic Era (International Commission Chart, 2014). 'Creta' in Latin means chalk and this is due to the large amount of calcium carbonate deposited by shells of marine animals thus resulting in large quantities of chalk (American Geological Institute, 1972). The shifting of continents as the…

Introduction Postulated to be the result of either a long-runout landslide, or a structural pop-up, the Poverty Hills present a unique problem in the geologic community. Located on the western-most edge of the Basin and Range Province in eastern California (Fig.1), and within the Owens Valley basin, flanked by the Sierra Nevada and Inyo/White mountain ranges to the west and east, respectively. The hills are of particular interest as they represent an unusual combination of lithologies,…

King Table of Contents Title Page?????????????????????.??.....0 Table of Contents????????????????????.?.1 The Biosphere?????????????????????.......2 Species Niche???????????????????.??......4 Community Structures and Symbiosis among Species?????....?6 Primary and Secondary Succession?????????????......8 Energy through Ecosystems???????????????..?..10 Terrestrial Ecosystem????????????????.?.?....12 Aquatic Ecosystems???????????????????....14 Biochemical Cycles ??????????????????..?.16…

How can animals facing extinction be helped using modern science? Identification and description of the problem Extinction is referred to as the death of the last organism of a certain species; thus ending those organisms altogether. However, since most species are globally spread out this is something that takes careful consideration of every fact such as ‘is there a possibility the organism may have has a chance of survival somewhere unexpected?’(Hawking, 2012) Biologists have been trying…