Longitudinal study

Cross sectional and longitudinal study designs, like many other designs, trade-off biases and handle measurement error quite differently (“cross-sectional vs. longitudinal studies | Institute for Work & Health,” n.d.). Cross-sectional designs that use the method of collecting and comparing data from multiple cohorts of different ages at the same point of time. An example would be including 10, 12, 14, 16 and 18 year olds to measure the effect of age on smoking. They were all recruited at the…

Introduction Abstract. The abstract consisted of one paragraph, total of ten sentences, which includes the purpose, design, sampling, and results. Researchers expanded on results but did not include conclusion. Relevant information such as sample size, study design, measure outcomes, and results were included. Problem. New nurse graduates are leaving their first employment at a high rate in Taiwan. There is a high shortage of nurses in Taiwan, knowing why nurses are leaving their jobs would…

The findings of this study on neurocognitive performance of high school athletes who incur multiple concussions suggest athletes with a history of 3 or more concussions are still impaired on cognitive tasks and concussion symptoms [6].The authors used a cohort study design, the IVs were concussion groups (0,1,2,>3), and time ( baseline, 3 days, 8 days), the DVs were neurocognitive test scores measured by Immediate Post Concussion Assessment, cognitive testing (ImPact), neurocognitive test…

Finally, the Dalsgaard et al. study has important strengths and weaknesses. A key strength of this study is the use of a long-period of follow-up without significant attrition rate in participants. This prolonged level of follow-up allows for the study researchers to identify anomalies and confounding issues in the data. The study also utilized DSM criteria for diagnosis of ADHD, conduct disorder, and oppositional defiant disorder. This measure, again, limits the possibility of erroneous…

Disabilities Education Act Implementation Report (U.S. Department of Education, 2008) shows that the number of students who have disabilities and who are receiving instruction in the general education classroom is on the rise. The 2005 National Longitudinal Transition Study found that the percent of…

Participants. The participants for this study were selected from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Class of 2010-11 (ECLS-K: 2011). This database is a nationally represented sample of diverse racial and social economic backgrounds. Data was gathered from the children, parents, teachers, and schools in order to provide information on the children’s emotional, social, physical, and cognitive attributes. Information was also gathered about the children’s school environment…

control series design is that a control group enables us to make stronger conclusions on the effects of a treatment because on the dependent variable we can rule out confounding factors and alternative explanations. (Page 233) 9. Distinguish between longitudinal, cross-sectional, and sequential…

This study is cross-sectional, a research tool used to capture information based on data gathered for a specific point in time. The data gathered is from individuals diagnosed with ADHD that previously or are currently in a relationship. Advantages of a cross-sectional study include that it is not costly because it does not require a lot of time, it captures a specific point in time, and…

racial prejudice among students and faculty. This prejudice is caused by the in-groups formed within the school based on race. According to the scholarly article “The Effects of Ingroup and Outgroup Friendships on Ethnic Attitudes in College: A Longitudinal Study” by Shana Levin, he describes the in-groups in school causing a hostile environment and prejudice between minority students. Levin states “In fact, when outgroup friendship is used as the contact measure, the negative relationship…

Cross-sectional Design “Cross-sectional designs involve studies of one group at a time and usually refer to a representative sampling of this group. Longitudinal Design Longitudinal studies are studies of the same group over a period of time and generally are studies of change” (Hagan, 2010). What are the pros and cons of using each? For Cross-sectional design research the disadvantages could possibly be an error in collecting the data that permits the participants to not be honest about past…